Effect of cadmium on physiological parameters of cereal and millet plants—A comparative study

Asopa, Prem Prakash; Bhatt, Ritika; Sihag, Santosh; Kothari, S. L.; Kachhwaha, Sumita

doi:10.1080/15226514.2016.1207608

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Our results showed that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoid content decreased under nickel toxicity. It has been well documented that decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency are used to monitor the heavy metal-induced damage in leaves (Asopa et al 2016). Kamran et al (2016) have indicated that nickel toxicity leads to chlorophyll loss as a result of Mg and Fe deficiency in the leaves of plant species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eﬀect of nickel phytotoxicity on photosystem II activity and antioxidant enzymes in barley

2021

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In this study, the eﬀect of mild (100 µM), moderate (300 µM) and severe (500 µM) nickel (NiSO4.7H2O) toxicity on the photosynthetic activity, photosynthetic pigment content and some antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of a barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tarm-92) was investigated. Moderate and severe nickel toxicity decreased root length while shoot length was not aﬀected by nickel stress, probably due to over accumulation of nickel in roots. Similarly, biomass accumulation was declined by moderate and severe nickel toxicity as reﬂected by the lowered fresh and dry weight. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and consequently total chlorophyll content decreased by all nickel applications, presumably because the reduced level of carotenoids. Chlorophyll a ﬂuorescence measurements showed that nickel toxicity blocked electron movement in some speciﬁc points of the photosynthetic electron transport system. The constant Fo value indicated that PSII reaction centers was not damaged in the leaves of barley under nickel toxicity while the reduced Fm value showed that acceptor side of PSII was more sensitive to nickel toxicity as compared to donor side. Changes in JIP test parameters in the leaves of barley showed that primary photochemical reactions are reduced, and thermal dissipation of excess energy is increased. SOD and CAT activity is elevated in the leaves of barley under moderate and severe nickel toxicity which demonstrate an eﬃcient superoxide dismutation. Severe nickel toxicity, however, did not aﬀect SOD and CAT activity. The ascorbate-glutathione cycle was activated in the leaves of barley plants under nickel toxicity, probably indicating an eﬃcient H2O2 detoxiﬁcation. However, considerable H2O2 and MDA accumulation was observed in the leaves of barley under nickel stress. As a result, it may be concluded that the barley genotype Tarm-92 is moderately tolerant to nickel toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eﬀect of nickel phytotoxicity on photosystem II activity and antioxidant enzymes in barley

2021

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“…[ 30 ] Several researchers have reported the decrease in greenness index due to metal toxicity in plants. [ 42,43 ] Other researchers had reported reduction in greenness index and interruption of electron transport due to Ni toxicity in several studies. [ 35,44 ] At higher Ni, it was recorded that photosynthetic protein formed complexes leading to decrease in photosynthesis and greenness index.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fine and Coarse Rice Varieties for Nickel Accumulation and Growth Response at Different Levels of Nickel

Fatma

Ṣābir

Aziz

et al. 2021

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The differential growth response and nickel (Ni) accumulation by two rice varieties grown in Ni-contaminated soil are investigated. Soil is contaminated with Ni at different levels viz. control (0), 7, 15, 22, 30, and 38 mg kg −1 soil. Two rice varieties viz. Basmati-2000 (fine variety) and KSK-133 (coarse variety) are grown in pots containing Ni-contaminated soil. The plants are harvested at four growth stages with an interval of 15 days. Harvested plants are washed with distilled water to remove aerial deposition. Harvested plants are oven-dried, weighed, grinded, and digested with di-acid mixture. The digested samples are analyzed for Ni, zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) concentration. The results indicate that the maximum level of Ni (38 mg kg −1 ) inhibits the shoot and root growth. The maximum shoot and root dry weights are observed at lower level of Ni, that is, 7 mg kg −1 . The concentration of Ni in plants increases with increasing Ni levels compared to control while the concentration of Zn and Mn decreases with increasing Ni levels. The maximum concentrations of all elements are recorded at the first harvest which gradually decrease in the subsequent harvests. It is concluded that Basmati-2000 is tolerant to Ni toxicity compared to KSK-133.

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“…It interferes with the activity of enzymes involved in chlorophyll synthesis, impairing the conversion of precursor molecules into functional chlorophyll molecules. As a result, chloroplasts within affected leaf cells become deficient in chlorophyll, leading to a noticeable loss of green colour [123,184]. Similarly, lead, another significant heavy metal pollutant, can inhibit various enzymes and metabolic pathways involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis.…”

Section: Chlorosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Heavy Metal Impacts on Cereal Crop Growth and Development in Contaminated Soils

Vasilachi,

Stoleru,

Gavrilescu

2023

Agriculture

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The impact of heavy metal presence in soil on cereal crops is a growing concern, posing significant challenges to global food security and environmental sustainability. Cereal crops, vital sources of nutrition, face the risk of contamination with toxic heavy metals released into the environment through human activities. This paper explores key aspects requiring thorough investigation to foster innovation and understand intricate interactions between heavy metals and cereals. Visible symptoms and physiological changes resulting from heavy metal contamination, such as chlorosis and stunted growth, demand further research to devise targeted mitigation strategies and sustainable agricultural practices. Root barrier formation, mycorrhizal symbiosis, and metal-binding proteins emerge as critical defence mechanisms for combating heavy metal stress, offering opportunities for developing metal-tolerant cereal varieties. Research on metal bioavailability and food safety implications in cereal grains is vital to safeguard human health. This paper reveals that multidisciplinary collaboration and cutting-edge technologies are essential for promoting innovation beyond the state of the art in elucidating and mitigating the impacts of heavy metals on cereal crops. Genetic and breeding approaches show promise in developing metal-tolerant cereal varieties, while agronomic practices and soil amendments can reduce metal bioavailability and toxicity. Unravelling the complex mechanisms underlying heavy metal uptake and tolerance is essential for sustainable cereal agriculture and worldwide food sustainability. Embracing the challenges of heavy metal pollution through proactive research and collaboration can secure a resilient future for cereal crops amid evolving environmental conditions.

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Effect of cadmium on physiological parameters of cereal and millet plants—A comparative study

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

The eﬀect of nickel phytotoxicity on photosystem II activity and antioxidant enzymes in barley

The eﬀect of nickel phytotoxicity on photosystem II activity and antioxidant enzymes in barley

Comparison of Fine and Coarse Rice Varieties for Nickel Accumulation and Growth Response at Different Levels of Nickel

Analysis of Heavy Metal Impacts on Cereal Crop Growth and Development in Contaminated Soils

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