Effect of calcium propionate and monensin on in vitro digestibility and gas production

Abstract

-An evaluation of the effects of monensin and calcium propionate on the in vitro kinetics of gas production, digestibility, carbon dioxide, and minor gas production on different days was performed using the ruminal fluid from eight Suffolk lamb donors, after receiving additives for 1, 10, and 20 days. Treatments consisted of a control ration of 40% grain; 30 mg/kg of monensin in a diet with 40% grain; 10 g/kg calcium propionate in a diet with 30% grain; and the combination of both additives in a diet with 30% grain. The gas production was measured up to 72 h of incubation and all incubation procedures were repeated three times on days 1, 10, and 20. On incubation day 20, the volume and production of methane and minor gases were measured. There was an interaction between calcium propionate and monensin for maximum gas production, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), carbon dioxide, and minor gases. Monensin reduced gas production on days 1 and 20, whereas calcium propionate increased gas production (Vm) on day 1. The rate of gas production (s) was reduced by calcium propionate on day 1 and by the combination of additives on day 10. Lag time was reduced by monensin on day 10; however, it declined linearly with the feeding time of the additives. Monensin had no effect on IVDMD (62.29 vs. 62.24%), while calcium propionate increased the IVDMD (60.00 vs. 64.53%). The inclusion of monensin increased CO 2 ; however, the combination of monensin and calcium propionate had no effect on CO 2 production. Monensin reduced methane (25.37 vs. 20.29%) and increased CO 2 . None of the additives showed consistent effects on the kinetic parameters of in vitro gas production over time. The treatments with monensin and calcium propionate showed a significant reduction in methane production, with a higher fermentation efficiency since the IVDMD was increased. Both additives are a strategy to consider to reduce methane emissions without affecting the ruminal fermentation.

Effects of Duration of Calcium Propionate Supplementation in Lambs Finished with Supplemental Zilpaterol Hydrochloride: Productive Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality

“…When CaPr is supplemented alone, it undergoes hydrolysis within the acidic pH of the rumen, resulting in the formation of Ca 2+ and propionic acid [7]. This process yields several effects at the rumen level, including (1) alteration of the volatile fatty acid (VFA) pattern [5]; (2) reduction in methane production; (3) improved digestibility of the DM; (4) enhanced fermentation efficiency [4]; and (5) improved responsiveness of insulin in glucose metabolism [6], which plays a role in both fat deposition and muscle growth. As a cumulative outcome of these mechanisms, there is a promotion of energy status achieved through the heightened synthesis of glucose via gluconeogenesis [7].…”

“…It has been observed that the gluconeogenic precursor calcium propionate (CaPr) alters energy metabolism in two ways when supplemented in ruminant diets: firstly, by altering rumen fermentation through improvements in ruminal dry matter (DM) digestibility, thereby increasing the proportion of ruminal propionate, and decreasing methane production [4,5]. Another way is by improving insulin's action on glucose metabolism [6], thereby promoting an increase in energy status through enhanced glucose synthesis via gluconeogenesis in the liver [7].…”

Natural Oregano Essential Oil May Replace Antibiotics in Lamb Diets: Effects on Meat Quality

“…This leads to an acetate:propionate ratio decline [3,[84][85][86], which in turn favours the recovery of energy used by the animal [79]. Additionally, SM reduces the formation of methane and lactic acid produced by other microorganisms [87,88].…”

Efecto de bloques con propionato de calcio sobre respuestas productivas en corderos y GEI in vitro

“…(29). En otro estudio in vitro con 10% de Pr-Ca, el volumen de gas aumentó el cual fue atribuido a los efectos sobre pH y a la presión osmótica (8). En una evaluación in vivo con toros recibieron 20 g/d de Pr-Ca, no afectaron la fermentación ni la población microbiana (30), pero la dosis fue muy baja.…”

“…El propionato de calcio (Pr-Ca) como una fuente de alimentación no convencional ha sido utilizado en corderos para reducir el uso de granos, incrementando el propionato ruminal (7). Su potencial para reducir el metano se explica porque durante su disociación captura el ion de hidrógeno reduciendo su disponibilidad para formar metano (8). Las emisiones de GEI pueden reducirse si se mejora la digestibilidad, lo cual se alcanza cubriendo las necesidades nutricionales, particularmente en rumiantes alimentados con dietas con forrajes de baja calidad (9).…”