Effect of Calorie Restriction on Mood, Quality of Life, Sleep, and Sexual Function in Healthy Nonobese Adults

Martin, Corby K.; Bhapkar, Manju; Pittas, Anastassios G.; Pieper, Carl F.; Das, Sai Krupa; Williamson, Donald A.; Scott, Tammy; Redman, Leanne M.; Stein, Richard I.; Gilhooly, Cheryl H.; Stewart, Tiffany M.; Robinson, Lisa; Roberts, Susan B.

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1189

Cited by 178 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Despite having higher dietary restraint scores the CR subjects also had reduced disinhibition regarding food and fewer concerns about body weight. Recent data from CALERIE-2 consistently showed, that mild CR for 2 years had no negative effects on health-related quality of life, based on assessments of vitality, mental health and bodily pain (SF-36) (Martin et al, 2016). Moreover, measures of mood were unaffected (anger, fatigue, confusion) or even improved (depression, less tension) in the CR-group as compared to the control group.…”

Section: Insights From Studies Of Extreme Calorie Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorie restriction in humans: An update

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Redman

et al. 2017

Ageing Research Reviews

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Calorie restriction (CR), a nutritional intervention of reduced energy intake but with adequate nutrition, has been shown to extend healthspan and lifespan in rodent and primate models. Accumulating data from observational and randomized clinical trials indicate that CR in humans results in some of the same metabolic and molecular adaptations that have been shown to improve health and retard the accumulation of molecular damage in animal models of longevity. In particular, moderate CR in humans ameliorates multiple metabolic and hormonal factors that are implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, the leading causes of morbidity, disability and mortality. In this paper, we will discuss the effects of CR in non-obese humans on these physiological parameters. Special emphasis is committed to recent clinical intervention trials that have investigated the feasibility and effects of CR in young and middle-aged men and women on parameters of energy metabolism and metabolic risk factors of age-associated disease in great detail. Additionally, data from individuals who are either naturally exposed to CR or those who are self-practicing this dietary intervention allows us to speculate on longer-term effects of more severe CR in humans.

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Section: Insights From Studies Of Extreme Calorie Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorie restriction in humans: An update

Most

Tosti

Redman

et al. 2017

Ageing Research Reviews

Self Cite

426

277

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“…Similar results were also obtained in a randomized controlled trial involving obese infertile women (Becker, et al 2015). Even in non-obese healthy adults, 2-year CR results in 10% weight loss without negatively altering life quality (Martin, et al 2016). Similarly in healthy adults, Sparks et al demonstrated that 12-month CR does not improve muscle mitochondrial functions, but appears to significantly decrease plasma levels of insulin and tends to decrease plasma levels of glucose, which likely indicate improvement of insulin sensitivity (Sparks, et al 2017).…”

Section: Feeding Behavior and Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional approaches for managing obesity-associated metabolic diseases

Botchlett

Woo

et al. 2017

Journal of Endocrinology

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Obesity is an ongoing pandemic and serves as a causal factor of a wide spectrum of metabolic diseases including diabetes, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Much evidence has demonstrated that nutrient overload/overnutrition initiates or exacerbates inflammatory responses in tissues/organs involved in the regulation of systemic metabolic homeostasis. This obesity-associated inflammation is usually at a low-grade and viewed as metabolic inflammation. When it exists continuously, inflammation inappropriately alters metabolic pathways and impairs insulin signaling cascades in peripheral tissues/organs such as adipose tissue, the liver and skeletal muscle, resulting in local fat deposition and insulin resistance and systemic metabolic dysregulation. In addition, inflammatory mediators, e.g., proinflammatory cytokines, and excessive nutrients, e.g., glucose and fatty acids, act together to aggravate local insulin resistance and form a vicious cycle to further disturb local metabolic pathways and exacerbate systemic metabolic dysregulation. Owing to the critical role of nutrient metabolism in the control of the initiation and progression of inflammation and insulin resistance, nutritional approaches have been implicated as effective tools for managing obesity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Based on the mounting evidence generated from both basic and clinical research, nutritional approaches are commonly used for suppressing inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity, and/or decreasing fat deposition. Consequently, the combined effects are responsible for improvement of systemic insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis.

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“…Changes regarding the QOL and sexual function through month 24 have been previously reported in detail (35); the focus of the current analyses was to provide comprehensive data on changes in psychological status through FU24. The Food-Craving Inventory (36) was used as a measure of general food cravings (represented by the total score), and cravings for high fats, sweets, carbohydrates and starches, and fast-food fats.…”

Section: Self-report Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of weight loss and acquired behaviors 2 y after stopping a 2-y calorie restriction intervention

Marlatt¹,

Redman²,

Burton³

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Calorie restriction (CR) influences aging processes and extends average and maximal life spans. The CALERIE 2 (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy Phase 2) study was the first randomized clinical trial to examine the metabolic and psychological effects of CR in nonobese humans. Objective: We conducted a 2-y follow-up study of adults who underwent 2 y of CR or ad libitum (control) consumption and determined whether weight loss and acquired behaviors persisted after the study ended when participants determined their own lifestyle behaviors. Design: In this prospective, longitudinal study, we assessed differences in weight, body composition, psychological function, and energy expenditure in 39 nonobese [body mass index (in kg/m 2 ): 22-28] men and women (25% CR: n = 24; control: n = 15) 12 and 24 mo after they completed the CALERIE 2 study at Pennington Biomedical. Results: Of 39 participants who were in the follow-up study, 29 subjects (CR: n = 18; control: n = 11) completed all visits at followup months 12 and 24. After the CR intervention, a mean 6 SEM weight loss of 9.0 6 0.6 kg was observed in the CR group, in which only 54% of the weight was regained 2 y later. Despite such a regain, weight, the percentage of body fat, and fat mass remained significantly reduced from baseline throughout follow-up and remained significantly less than in the control group (P , 0.05). At follow-up, the CR group retained higher degrees of dietary restraint and avoidance of certain foods. Conclusion: After a 2-y intensive CR intervention, w50% of CR-induced weight loss was maintained 2 y later, which was probably the result of lasting effects on acquired behaviors and dietary restraint. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00943215.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;105:928-35.

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Effect of Calorie Restriction on Mood, Quality of Life, Sleep, and Sexual Function in Healthy Nonobese Adults

Cited by 178 publications

References 30 publications

Calorie restriction in humans: An update

Calorie restriction in humans: An update

Nutritional approaches for managing obesity-associated metabolic diseases

Persistence of weight loss and acquired behaviors 2 y after stopping a 2-y calorie restriction intervention

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