Effect of cannabis usage on the oral environment: a review

The prevalence of drug addiction is increasing globally. Drug abuse damages many parts of the body such as oral cavity, lungs, liver, brain, heart etc., Addicts suffer from physical, psychological, emotional and behavioral problems. Their nutrition is also compromised. There is certainly an impact of all these factors on the health of periodontium. Dentists should be aware of the effects of drugs while treating the drug addicts. This article correlates the studies done on the impact of abused drugs such as alcohol, tobacco, opiates, cannabis, amphetamines etc., on general and periodontal health.

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“…[4] Cannabis associated oral side effects are xerostomia, leukodema and increased prevalence and density of Candida albicans . [19]…”

Section: Effects Of Drugs On Periodontiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug addiction and periodontal diseases

Saini¹,

Gupta

Prabhat

2013

J Indian Soc Periodontol

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“…Individuals with heavy substance use are at increased risk for poor oral health for a variety of reasons, including limited access to dental care (Johnson, Hearn, & Barker, 2008; Khocht, Schleifer, Janal, & Keller, 2009; Sheridan, Aggleton, & Carson, 2001; ter Horst, Molendijk, Brouwer, & Verhey, 1996), poor dietary (Laslett, Dietze, & Dwyer, 2008; Morio, Marshall, Qian, &Morgan, 2008; Titsas and Ferguson, 2002) and oral hygiene habits (Barbadoro, Lucrezi, Prospero, & Annino, 2008; Friedlander, Marder, Pisegna, & Yagiela, 2003; Morio et al, 2008), negative attitudes about oral health and health care (Robinson, Acquah, & Gibson, 2005), and direct physical effects of the substance on oral health. There are several mechanisms by which drugs can directly affect oral health, including increased xerostomia (dry mouth) due to hyposalivation (lack of salivary flow), poor diet and self-care leading to higher rates of dental caries, enamel erosion, and periodontal disease (Friedlander et al, 2003; Hamamoto and Rhodus, 2009; Morio et al, 2008; Versteeg, Slot, van der Velden, & van der Weijden, 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health of substance-dependent individuals: Impact of specific substances

D'Amore

Cheng

Kressin

et al. 2011

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Little is known about how different types of substances affect oral health. Our objective was to examine the respective effects of alcohol, stimulants, opioids, and marijuana on oral health in substance-dependent persons. Using self-reported data from 563 substance-dependent individuals, we found that most reported unsatisfactory oral health, with their most recent dental visit more than 1 year ago. In multivariable logistic regressions, none of the substance types were significantly associated with oral health status. However, opioid use was significantly related to a worse overall oral health rating compared to 1 year ago. These findings highlight the poor oral health of individuals with substance dependence and the need to address declining oral health among opioid users. General health and specialty addiction care providers should be aware of oral health problems among these patients. In addition, engagement into addiction and medical care may be facilitated by addressing oral health concerns.

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“…Marijuana use is prohibited because of the heightened risk of fungal infection associated with inhalation. Alcohol consumption also is restricted because of its potential effect on the liver, platelets, and immune function (Sipsas & Kontoyiannis, 2008;Tichelli et al, 2008;Versteeg, Slot, van der Velden, & van der Weijden, 2008).…”

Section: Post-transplantation Infection Risk and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Miceli¹,

Lilleby²,

Noonan³

et al. 2013

Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing

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Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is approved for the treatment of select solid tumors, autoimmune disorders, and most hematologic malignancies. Multiple myeloma (MM) is the most common indication for AHSCT. Despite improvement in response and survival rates in the era of novel agents, AHSCT remains an important treatment option for patients with MM who are eligible. Clinical management of patients with MM requires a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates healthcare professionals in a number of clinical settings as well as caregivers and the patient. Patients about to undergo AHSCT are generally referred to tertiary care centers that specialize in ASCT. Pre- and post-transplantation treatments and long-term follow-up often are managed by a community-based referring oncologist in collaboration with the transplantation team. Oncology nurses play an integral role in the care of patients with MM in each clinical setting. This article aims to provide non-transplantation oncology nurses with guidelines for education, clinical management, and support of patients with MM undergoing AHSCT with a primary focus on the pre- and post-transplantation period.

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Effect of cannabis usage on the oral environment: a review

Abstract: Based on the limited data, it seems justified to conclude that with increasing prevalence of cannabis use, oral health care providers should be aware of cannabis-associated oral side effects, such as xerostemia, leukoedema and an increased prevalence and density of Candida albicans.

Cited by 75 publications

References 27 publications

Drug addiction and periodontal diseases

Drug addiction and periodontal diseases

Oral health of substance-dependent individuals: Impact of specific substances

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Multiple Myeloma

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