Effect of Carbohydrate and Fat Intakes upon the Activities of Several Liver Enzymes in Rats, Guinea Piglets, Piglets and Calves

Baldwin, R.L.; Ronning, M.; Radanovics, C.; Plange, G.

doi:10.1093/jn/90.1.47

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This finding is similar to that of earlier studies with a 3 day refeeding period (Lee, 1967), but differs from the enzymatic response to low fat diets in the present study. The ratio of calories from dietary carbohydrate to calories from carbohydrate plus fat has been implicated as an important factor in determining activity of some of the enzymes related to lipogenesis (Baldwin, 1966). This principal could apply to the present experiment.…”

Section: Hexose Monophosphate Shunt Dehydrogenasesmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Depression of MDH activity when fat is substituted for carbohydrate in the diet has also been reported (Vaughan and Winders, 1964;Tepperman and Teppeman, 1964;Baldwin ^ , 1966;Leveille, 1967a). Substitution of complex carbohydrates, dextrin and com starch for glucose in the diet appears to lower MDH activity (Vaughan and Winders, 1964).…”

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Depression of HMPD activity following the inclusion of fat in the diet has also been found in rats not subjected to previous periods of fasting or starvation (Vaughan and Winders, 1964;Baldwin ^ al., 1966;and Konishi, 1966). Substitution of fat for either casein or sucrose, even at the 15% level markedly reduced the HMPD activity and further substitution continued this trend (Vaughan and Winders, 1964).…”

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This theory was substantiated by the finding that fat, offered concurrently with carbohydrate, depressed activity of both enzymes, but had little effect when given on alternate days. Another theory regarding the mechanism by which dietary fat suppresses HMPD activity was proposed by Baldwin ^ (1966). These workers suggest that enzymatic changes were related to the caloric contributions rather than the amounts of carbohydrate per se in the diets.…”

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary protein and lipid metabolism in refed rats

McAtee

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Section: Hexose Monophosphate Shunt Dehydrogenasesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary protein and lipid metabolism in refed rats

McAtee

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“…Starvation of the animals (group A) did not result in increased threonine dehydratase activities as it did in the rat (Pitot et al, 1958); the different response is perhaps not surprising, since the rat is unusually susceptible to starvation (Baldwin et al, 1966). Similarly, diets containing large amounts of casein or a protein hydrolysate (group D) did not cause an increase in enzyme activity compared with diets of fresh grass or normal concentrates (groups B and C).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Inducibility and some properties of the threonine dehydratase of sheep liver

Doonan

Koerner

Schmutzler

et al. 1974

Biochemical Journal

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The threonine dehydratase extracted from sheep liver is in an essentially inactive form, referred to here as the precursor, but can be activated by incubation at high temperature in alkaline solution. A method for purification of the activated enzyme to a state approaching homogeneity has been devised. The activated enzyme catalyses the deamination of serine but rapidly loses activity during the process. The enzyme inactivated by incubation with serine can be reactivated under the same conditions as those described for the precursor, the kinetic parameters being the same in both cases. Individual sheep livers differ widely in their content of threonine dehydratase, and the possible role of dietary factors in this variability has been examined. The average amount of the enzyme in the livers of sheep fed on high-plant-protein diets did not differ significantly from that in livers obtained from slaughterhouses, but was higher than that in livers from animals fed only on grass or normal concentrates. Large increases in enzyme concentration were, however, obtained when sheep were injected intraperitoneally with a protein hydrolysate. The enzyme from the livers of these sheep could be purified by the same technique and to the same specific activity as the enzyme from the livers of control sheep.

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Der normale Stoffwechsel der Lipide aus physiologischer und biochemischer Sicht

Barth

1982

Fette, Seifen, Anstrichm.

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Zur Einführung wird über die Mechanismen gesprochen, die zur homöostatischen Einstellung der Serumlipidkonzentration führen. Diese resultieren aus einem Gleichgewicht des Einstromes in und des Abstromes aus dem Blutkompartiment. Der Einstrom der Serumlipide wird durch den Stoffwechsel vor allem von Darm und Leber verursacht. In den letzten Jahren ist das Verständnis über die Mechanismen des Abstromes deutlich durch neue Erkenntnisse vergrößert worden. Die Serumlipide werden im Blutstrom als Lipoproteinkomplexe transportiert. Die an der Zusammensetzung der Lipoproteine beteiligten Apolipoproteine sind nicht nur Baustein dieser Serumproteine, sondern beeinflussen Mechanismen des Abbaus des Lipidanteils. Die Zusammensetzung dieser Apoproteine beeinflußt also die Homöostase der Serumlipide über eine Umsteuerung des Abbaus. Im weiteren werden Adaptationsmechanismen besprochen, die nach Ernährungsumstellung zu Veränderungen der Serumlipidspiegel führen. Im Vordergrund steht die Beeinflussung der de‐novo‐Synthese in der Leber in Abhängigkeit vom Fettgehalt der Ernährung. Bei einer fettarmen Ernährung steht eine hohe körpereigene Biosynthese im Vordergrund. Bei einer fettreichen Ernährung prägt das Nahrungsfett den Serumlipiden seine Zusammensetzung auf. Ob diese Adaptationsvorgänge von veränderten Abbaugeschwindigkeiten begleitet sind, ist noch nicht klar. Zum Abschluß wird versucht, die einzelnen Befunde in ein Gesamtbild einzufügen.

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Effect of Carbohydrate and Fat Intakes upon the Activities of Several Liver Enzymes in Rats, Guinea Piglets, Piglets and Calves

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Dietary protein and lipid metabolism in refed rats

Dietary protein and lipid metabolism in refed rats

Inducibility and some properties of the threonine dehydratase of sheep liver

Der normale Stoffwechsel der Lipide aus physiologischer und biochemischer Sicht

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