Effect of carbon black content on microcellular structure and physical properties of chlorinated polyethylene rubber foams

Zhang, Bao Sheng; Lv, Xiu Feng; Zhang, Zhen Xiu; Liu, Yang; Kim, Jin Kuk; Xin, Zhen Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.12.041

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The density of the unfoamed rubber blends with fillers was found to be comparable irrespective of filler type. In any filled polymer foam, it is normal that the high density of solid filler contributes to integrated density of filled polymeric foam . However, after foaming, the samples with nanofillers showed different trends in density when (china clay)‐filled foams were compared, even though the density of nanofillers, especially Na‐MMT (2.54 g/cm 3 ), was close to that of china clay (2.83 g/cm 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of nanofillers on (natural rubber)/(ethylene vinyl acetate)/clay nanocomposite in blending and foaming

Lopattananon

Julyanon

Masa

et al. 2014

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Nanocomposite foams were fabricated from 60/40 wt% ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/natural rubber (NR) blends by using azodicarbonamide as a blowing agent. Two different nanofillers (sodium montmorillonite and organoclay) were employed to study their effects on foam properties. The results were also compared with conventional (china clay)‐filled foams. Transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and three‐dimensional Microfocus X‐ray computed tomography scanning analysis were performed to characterize the EVA/NR blend morphology and foam structures. The results revealed that the nanofiller acted as a blend compatibilizer. Sodium montmorillonite was more effective in compatibilization, generating better phase‐separated EVA/NR blend morphology and improving foam structure. Higher filler loading increased the specific tensile strength of rubber foams. The rubber nanocomposite foam showed superior specific tensile strength to the conventional rubber composite foam. The elastic recovery and compressive strength of the nanocomposite foams decreased with increasing filler content, whereas the opposite trend was observed for the conventional composite foams with china clay. The thermal conductivity measurement indicated that the nanofiller had better beneficial effect on thermal insulation over china clay filler. From the present study, the nanofillers played an important role in obtaining better blend morphology as compatibilizer, rather than the nucleating agent and the nanofiller content of 5 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of rubber) was recommended for the production of EVA/NR nanocomposite foams. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 21:134–146, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of nanofillers on (natural rubber)/(ethylene vinyl acetate)/clay nanocomposite in blending and foaming

Lopattananon

Julyanon

Masa

et al. 2014

Vinyl Additive Technology

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“…Even though the plastic foam industry grew fast and occupies a larger worldwide market, rubber foams production technologies substantially improved over the last decades. Today, rubber foams have been successfully produced from several types of rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), poly(ethylene propylene diene) (EPDM), polyisoprene rubber (IR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, polychloroprene rubber (CR), styrene‐butadiene rubber, and silicone rubber …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards novel super‐elastic foams based on isoperene rubber: Preparation and characterization

Vahidifar

Esmizadeh

Rodrigue

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel and conventional closed cell polyisoprene rubber (IR) foams were produced by a single step limited-expansion and two step unlimited-expansion foaming process, respectively. The effect of 3 to 12 part per hundred rubber (phr) of azodicarbonamide (ADC) foaming agent on their structure and properties of developed novel foams were studied. In developed novel foams, the density was strangely independent of ADC content; however, the cell sizes conversely related to ADC content and it decreased by 60% (555-330 μm) and the internal cell pressure build up from 1 to 3.7 atm, which was related to pressure-free foaming method. The both reasons of compressed gas trapped inside cells and constant density not only caused unique enhancement in novel foams mechanical properties as hardness and modulus but also improved their dynamic properties as hysteresis and elasticity. Results of conventional IR foams showed that, their foam density as well as dynamic and mechanical properties sharply decreased with increasing ADC content from 3 to 12 phr. For clear expression, in samples with 12 phr of ADC, novel developed foams have more foam density (180%), more hardness (240%), more modulus (290%), and smaller cell size (75%) than conventional foams.Finally, novel developed foams were super-elastic material with no hysteresis and no plastic deformation while conventional foams had 40% hysteresis and 10% plastic deformation under the same compression conditions. K E Y W O R D S cellular morphology, mechanical properties, polyisoprene rubber, polymer foam, super-elastic materials

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“…The effect of silica on the properties of the silicone rubber is complicated. Meanwhile, it can affect the cell growth and the cell geometry . Figures and a show the effect of the content of silica on the cell structure of microcellular silicone rubber foams.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcellular silicone rubber foams: The influence of reinforcing agent on cellular morphology and nucleation

Xiang

Deng

Zhang

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A series of microcellular silicone rubber foams were prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ). The effect of reinforcing agent (silica) on the rheological behavior, cellular morphology and nucleation of silicone rubber composites was investigated. The results show that the silica not only acts as reinforcing agent but also plays an important role in the cellular nucleation. When the content of silica increases from 40 phr to 70 phr, the range of the calculated surface tension of silicon rubber composites/ scCO 2 (c mix ) and radius of the critical nucleus (r*) are 158.95$1,092.74 nN/m and 14.45-99.34 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, aggregated silica has good heterogeneous nucleation as the diameter of aggregated silica particles is approximate to twice r*. The smallest cell diameter and the highest cell density of the silicone rubber foam can reach to 708 nm and 1.02 3 10 11 cells/cm 3 , which indicate that the silicone rubber nanofoams can be obtained by means of the supercritical foaming technology. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 00:000-000,

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Effect of carbon black content on microcellular structure and physical properties of chlorinated polyethylene rubber foams

Cited by 53 publications

References 14 publications

The role of nanofillers on (natural rubber)/(ethylene vinyl acetate)/clay nanocomposite in blending and foaming

The role of nanofillers on (natural rubber)/(ethylene vinyl acetate)/clay nanocomposite in blending and foaming

Towards novel super‐elastic foams based on isoperene rubber: Preparation and characterization

Microcellular silicone rubber foams: The influence of reinforcing agent on cellular morphology and nucleation

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