Effect of carbon nanotube on processing, microstructural, mechanical and ablation behavior of ZrB2-20SiC based ultra-high temperature ceramic composites

Nisar, Ambreen; Ariharan, S.; Venkateswaran, T.; Sreenivas, N.; Balani, Kantesh

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.10.002

Cited by 96 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Raman peaks for pristine CNT powders are observed at 1347.0 cm −1 (D-peak, arises from disorder and defects), 1585.6 cm −1 (G-peak, corresponds to C-C stretching mode from doubly degenerated phonon E 2g at the Brillouin zone center) and at 2732.4 cm −1 (G'-peak, corresponds to the second-order phonon counter part of G) [36]. The peak shift of D (1350.2 cm −1 and 1353.8 cm −1 ), G (1588.7 cm −1 and 1593.8 cm −1 ) and G' (2735.7 cm −1 and 2741.9 cm −1 ) peaks to higher wave numbers, respectively, in the ball milled and SPS pellets, indicate the generation of compressive stresses in the CNTs during ball milling [7,18] and after sintering. The development of compressive stress in the CNT is attributed to the thermal contraction of the ceramic matrix during cooling (discussed in the later Section 3.5).…”

Section: Phase Analysis Of Hfb 2 -Zrb 2 -Sic-cnt Compositesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The fracture toughness further increased to 8.7 MPa·m 0.5 with SiC addition and 10.2 MPa·m 0.5 with synergistic addition of SiC and CNT both in HfB 2 -ZrB 2 system revealing the synergy of SiC and CNT as a toughening agent [7] and (Hf,Zr)B 2 solid solution in enhancing the toughness. The critical energy release rate (G IC , see Table 2), which reckons the energy required to propagate a crack in the material, increases from 57.1 J·m −2 for H20S, to 63.0 J·m −2 for Z20S, to 176.8 J·m −2 for HZ20S and to 192.6 J·m −2 for HZ20S6C.…”

Section: Sample Id Hardness (Gpa)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The fracture toughness further increased to 8.7 MPa·m 0.5 with SiC addition and 10.2 MPa·m 0.5 with synergistic addition of SiC and CNT both in HfB2-ZrB2 system revealing the synergy of SiC and CNT as a toughening agent [7] and (Hf,Zr)B2 solid solution Taking hardness of HfB 2 = 18 GPa [40,41], ZrB 2 = 15 GPa [5], SiC = 28 GPa [42], and CNT = 15 GPa (along radial direction) [43].…”

Section: Sample Id Hardness (Gpa)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The addition of SiC in HfB 2 and ZrB 2 has led to nearly full densification (100% for H20S,~99% for Z20S) is attributed to the high thermal conductivity of SiC and its ability to sit near the grain boundary which aids densification, allowing the sintering to be faster and at lower temperatures [7,12]. The densification was found to decrease in HZ20S (from ≤1% in H20S and Z20S to~4% in HZ20S, see Table 1) is commensurate with recent report in literature [23] which shows that the addition of HfB 2 in ZrB 2 increases porosity due to the occurrence of chemical reaction between them.…”

Section: Densification Of Hfb 2 -Zrb 2 -Sic-cnt Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of ν (taken as 0.12, 0.11, 0.14 and 0.17, respectively for HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , SiC, and CNT), α (taken as 6.3 × 10 −6 K −1 , 5.9 × 10 −6 K −1 , 3.5 × 10 −6 K −1 , and 2.5 × 10 −6 K −1 , respectively for HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , SiC, and CNT), K (taken as 230 GPa, 229 GPa, 234 GPa, and 190 GPa, respectively for HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , SiC, and CNT) and G (taken as 212 GPa, 211 GPa, 41 GPa, and 150 GPa, respectively for HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , SiC, and CNT) used for calculations have been taken from the literature [4,6,7]. Since, the composites are being cooled from the final densification temperature (1850 • C) to room temperature; the matrix (HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , and equal proportions of both) tends to shrink faster than the reinforced particles (SiC and CNT) leading to compressive stress in the reinforced particles, σ r and tensile stress state in the matrix, σ m as evaluated using Taya's model [47], tabulated in Table 3.…”

Section: Effect Of Residual Stress On the Mechanical Properties Of Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Nisar

Balani

2017

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Abstract:The refractory diborides (HfB 2 and ZrB 2 ) are considered as promising ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTCs) where low damage tolerance limits their application for the thermal protection system in re-entry vehicles. In this regard, SiC and CNT have been synergistically added as the sintering aids and toughening agents in the spark plasma sintered (SPS) HfB 2 -ZrB 2 system. Herein, a novel equimolar composition of HfB 2 and ZrB 2 has shown to form a solid-solution which then allows compositional tailoring of mechanical properties (such as hardness, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness). The hardness of the processed composite is higher than the individual phase hardness up to 1.5 times, insinuating the synergy of SiC and CNT reinforcement in HfB 2 -ZrB 2 composites. The enhanced fracture toughness of CNT reinforced composite (up to a 196% increment) surpassing that of the parent materials (ZrB 2 /HfB 2 -SiC) is attributed to the synergy of solid solution formation and enhanced densification (~99.5%). In addition, the reduction in the analytically quantified interfacial residual tensile stress with SiC and CNT reinforcements contribute to the enhancement in the fracture toughness of HfB 2 -ZrB 2 -SiC-CNT composites, mandatory for aerospace applications.

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Section: Phase Analysis Of Hfb 2 -Zrb 2 -Sic-cnt Compositesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Sample Id Hardness (Gpa)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The fracture toughness further increased to 8.7 MPa·m 0.5 with SiC addition and 10.2 MPa·m 0.5 with synergistic addition of SiC and CNT both in HfB2-ZrB2 system revealing the synergy of SiC and CNT as a toughening agent [7] and (Hf,Zr)B2 solid solution Taking hardness of HfB 2 = 18 GPa [40,41], ZrB 2 = 15 GPa [5], SiC = 28 GPa [42], and CNT = 15 GPa (along radial direction) [43].…”

Section: Sample Id Hardness (Gpa)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Densification Of Hfb 2 -Zrb 2 -Sic-cnt Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Residual Stress On the Mechanical Properties Of Hfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Nisar

Balani

2017

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Thermo‐Erosive Behavior of ZrB ₂ ‐SiC Composites

2020

Friction and Wear of Ceramics

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Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Hassan

Balani

2020

Adv Eng Mater

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Among all the members from different families of ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), including borides, carbides, and nitrides, zirconium diboride (ZrB 2) is a special one, [1] possessing extraordinary combination of properties, [2-4] such as high mechanical properties viz. hardness (15-29.4 GPa [5-8]), fracture toughness (2.8-4 MPa m 1/2[6,9,10]), high thermal conductivity (57.9-60 W m À1 K À1[11,12]), low electrical resistivity (9.2-10 μΩ cm [13,14]), and also low density (6.1 g cm À3[7,15]). However, for hypersonic applications, hardness, fracture toughness, and tribological properties need to be improved, and the density of monolithic ZrB 2 needs to be reduced further to produce maneuverable hypersonic vehicles. [16] Moreover, poor sinterability of UHTCs, in general, and, thus, in ZrB 2 , due to its strong covalent bonding, adherence of oxide impurities on its particles' surface, and poor self-diffusivity, has always been a matter of concern. [17,18] In this context, reinforcement with a suitable secondary phase, such as SiC, B 4 C, ZrC, and MoSi 2 , has improved not only densification but also mechanical properties, such as hardness and fracture toughness, oxidation resistance, thermal properties, and wear resistance as well. [16,18-21] Among these reinforcements, B 4 C and SiC possess low density (2.52 and 3.16 g cm À3 , respectively [16,22]) and are attracting more interest in enhancing the performance of UHTCs. Enormous research has been carried out to study the effect of reinforcements on the mechanical, oxidation, and thermal performance of ZrB 2. SiCreinforced ZrB 2 composites have received special interest, [23-25] considered as baseline UHTC composites [17,26-29] with 20 vol% SiC as optimal for aerospace applications; [30-33] however, studies regarding the effect of reinforcement on tribological behavior are available in scarce as compared with studies on other aspects, such as mechanical, thermal, and oxidation behavior. One of the earliest studies on the friction and wear of hot pressed (2100 C for 1 h at 34.3 MPa in Ar) ZrB 2-based composites carried out by Umeda et al. [34] in the 1990s showed the coefficient of friction (cof) varied between 0.90 and 0.95. With an increase in relative humidity (RH; from <10 to >70%), cof decreased to 0.2-0.4. The tests were performed in air using reciprocating pin-on-block instrument with pin and block of the same material at 7.8 N load and a sliding speed of 1.5 mm s À1 for 100 cycles. Hertzian cracks were formed perpendicular to the sliding direction in ZrB 2 and ZrB 2 þ B 4 C (50:50 wt%) composite, whereas no cracks developed in the ZrB 2 þ B 4 C þ SiC (46:46:8 wt%) composite, revealing the effective role of synergetic reinforcement of B 4 C and SiC in toughening the ZrB 2 matrix. Recently, Medveď et al. [35] processed ZrB 2-based composites viz. ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% B 4 C, ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% SiC, and ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% ZrC via spark plasma sintering (SPS; sintered from 1800 to 2050 C at 50 MPa for 10 min in Ar) to study the tribological behavior of carbide reinforceme...

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Effect of carbon nanotube on processing, microstructural, mechanical and ablation behavior of ZrB2-20SiC based ultra-high temperature ceramic composites

Cited by 96 publications

References 36 publications

Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Thermo‐Erosive Behavior of ZrB ₂ ‐SiC Composites

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

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Effect of carbon nanotube on processing, microstructural, mechanical and ablation behavior of ZrB2-20SiC based ultra-high temperature ceramic composites

Cited by 96 publications

References 36 publications

Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Phase and Microstructural Correlation of Spark Plasma Sintered HfB2-ZrB2 Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composites

Thermo‐Erosive Behavior of ZrB 2 ‐SiC Composites

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

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Thermo‐Erosive Behavior of ZrB ₂ ‐SiC Composites