Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made with metal halide are affordable and can give better efficiency values than older versions but their low efficiency values is still a concern. Two Perovskite solar cells were fabricated and one had Multi wall Carbon nanotube (MWCNT) in its design. The effect of the Multi-wall Carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on their performance and power conversion were studied. MWCNT and m-TiO2 materials were characterised using UV-vis spectroscopy and their optical energy band gap values were obtained. The TiO2 showed a prominent peak at 319 nm with absorbance 0.5 and its optical energy bandgap of 2.59 eV falls in the visible region showing it is a clean energy source with implications for solar energy conversion. The MWCNT has 2.19 eV and showed multiple peaks. A prominent peak at 329 nm with absorbance 0.6 which was blue shifted and a peak at 517 nm with absorbance 0.3 was red-shifted. The PSC with the MWCNT in the light had a fill factor of 0.53 but 0.47 was obtained for the PSC without the MWCNT. The PSC with MWCNT had power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 40.1 % in the dark, a value which was 2.7 % higher than the PCE of 37.4 % obtained for the same cell in light. Furthermore, the PSC without the MWCNT in the dark had a fill factor of 0.87 while the PSC with MWCNT in the dark had a fill factor was 0.51. The PSC with MWCNT had better power conversion efficiency when in the dark than in light.

Efficiency Enhancement of Biophotovoltaic Solid‐State Solar Cells

“…[51,52] The outer walls of MWCNTs can react with the nearest materials, but the inner walls will still be intact and conducting. [53] So the inner walls of MWCNTs form a highway to electron transport. 2) Due to the presence of many active sites at the end of MWCNTs, [54] they have good adhesion to the PSI layer.…”

Critical Review on Interrelationship of Electro-Devices in PV Solar Systems with Their Evolution and Future Prospects for MPPT Applications

“…Green disposal at the end of the product lifecycle is also conceivable, as nanomaterial-based solar cells have the potential to be made entirely of carbon through rigorous separation, purification, and enrichment methods that guarantee the inherent properties of pure carbon at ideal levels [104]. Fourth-generation: nano photovoltaic Graphene-silicon 18.8% [87] 0-1 TBD TBD TBD Graphene-quantum dot 13.7% [88] Graphene-perovskite 16.1% [89] Graphene/perovskitequantum dot 17.9% [90] Graphene/quantum dot-perovskite 19.8% [91] Graphene-DSSC 11.5% [92] Carbon nanotubes-silicon 20.1% [93] Carbon nanotubes-quantum dot 6.00% [94] Carbon nanotubes-perovskite 37.4% [95] Carbon nanotubes-DSSC 10.3% [96] Graphene/carbon nanotubes-silicon 17.5% [97] Carbon nanotubes/graphenequantum dot 8.28% [98] Carbon nanotubes/silicon/graphenequantum dot 14.9% [99] Graphene/carbon nanotubes-perovskite 19.6% [100] Carbon nanotubes/graphene-DSSC 8.34% [101] These organic nanomaterials are also highly flexible as they can take on other forms of structure [105]. With their flexibility, scientists have created a variety of solar cells that silicon cannot produce.…”