Effect of Carnitine on Decrease of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Glutamine in Serum of Septic Rats.

Hayashi, Naoki; Yoshihara, Daiji; Kashiwabara, Norio; Takeshita, Yasuyoshi; Handa, Harumi; Yamakawa, Masanori

doi:10.1248/bpb.19.157

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It is suggested that glutamine catabolism decreased because more fat was available for energy production. Glutamine has been suggested to be a key fuel for the intestinal mucosa and essential substrate for other rapidly dividing cells such as lymphocytes; glutamine concentration is reduced when protein is the main source of energy (Ardawi 1988; Lacey and Wilmore 1990; Hayashi et al. 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postprandially, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA: leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and glutamine are strongly catabolized (Lacey and Wilmore 1990). Hayashi et al (1996) observed that L L-carnitine treatment prevented a decrease of serum concentrations of BCAA and glutamine in septic animals, sepsis being associated with suppression of fatty acid and glucose oxidation. In the present study, BCAA were found at lower levels in carcasses from fish that had not been supplemented with extra L L-carnitine.…”

Section: Body Amino Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991). Hayashi et al. (1996) observed a glutamine‐sparing effect of L ‐carnitine in tissues of rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal tissues often contain acylcarnitine derivatives of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA: leucine, isoleucine or valine) (Bohles et al 1984;Ji et al 1987;Weisdorf et al 1991). Hayashi et al (1996) observed a glutamine-sparing effect of L-carnitine in tissues of rats. The role of L-carnitine in the metabolism of amino acids has not been extensively studied in teleost fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in amino acid composition in the tissues of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a consequence of dietary L-carnitine supplements

et al. 2002

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A study was undertaken to examine the effect of different amounts of dietary lysine (13 and 21 g kg−1 diet), lipid (80 and 160 g kg−1 diet) and L‐carnitine (0.2 and 1.0 g kg−1 diet) on growth performance, proximate composition and amino acid metabolism of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Juvenile African catfish (23 ± 1.5 g/fish) were stocked into 70‐L aquaria (16 aquaria, 28 fish/aquarium) connected to a recirculation system during a maximum period of 74 days. All groups were fed at a level of 24 g kg−0.8 day−1 in an experiment run at pair feeding. Animals receiving 1.0 g carnitine accumulated up to six times more carnitine in their tissues than animals receiving 0.2 g (P < 0.05). Acyl‐carnitine and free L‐carnitine levels increased in the whole body and in tissues. Dietary L‐carnitine supplements increased protein‐to‐fat ratios in the body, but did not affect growth rate. Protein‐to‐fat ratios were only affected when the biosynthesis capacity of L‐carnitine was restricted due to low lysine levels and when there was a shortage of dietary fat. When lysine was offered at 21 g kg−1 feed, dietary L‐carnitine supplements did not affect the amino acid concentrations of body tissues. Dietary L‐carnitine supplements raised the concentration of glutamic acid > aspartic acid > glycine > alanine > arginine > serine > threonine in skeletal muscle tissue (P < 0.05). Total amino acid concentration in muscle and liver tissues (dry‐matter basis) increased from 506 to 564 and from 138 to 166 mg g−1, respectively, when diets were offered with high L‐carnitine, low lysine and low fat levels. These data suggest that dietary L‐carnitine supplementation may increase fatty acid oxidation and possibly decrease amino acid combustion for energy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Body Amino Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991). Hayashi et al. (1996) observed a glutamine‐sparing effect of L ‐carnitine in tissues of rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Changes in amino acid composition in the tissues of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a consequence of dietary L-carnitine supplements

et al. 2002

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“…In septic rats that had undergone appendix ligation and perforation, the concentration of endotoxins in the blood rose, while the concentrations of branched chain amino acids in the blood (leucine, isoleucine and valine) as well as glutamine were lower. Administration of L-carnitine, however, is shown to suppress declines in the concentrations of branched-chain amino acids and glutamine [ 17 ]. Aged rats, in particular, show decreases in the content of protein in each tissue as well as the level of protein-bound hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid, and fucose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on the Human Body of a Dietary Supplement Containing L-Carnitine and Garcinia cambogia Extract: A Study using Double-blind Tests

Yasuda

Takahashi

Hibino

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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The effect of a dietary supplement with L-carnitine (600 mg/day) and Garcinia cambogia extract (500 mg/day as hydroxycitric acid) as main ingredients was studied in 35 healthy volunteers {48.3 ± 6.9 years, body mass index (BMI): 26.3 ± 1.7} in a double-blind test (18 subjects in the Test Group and 17 in the Control Group). The yearly examination includes the standard yearly medical tests done in Japan, tests for assessing hormonal age, and a survey for assessing physical and mental fitness of the subjects, called the Anti-Aging QOL Common Questionnaire (AAQol). Use of this supplement significantly improved the level of lipid peroxides (−12.8%) in the blood as well as physical symptoms such as “tired eyes,” “blurry eyes,” “muscle pain/stiffness,” “early satiety,” “epigastralgia,” “dizziness,” “arthralgia” and “easily breaking into a sweat.” The Control Group showed a significantly favorable improvement rate, especially for “dizziness.” On the other hand, groups of subjects using the test compounds saw a significant rise in total cholesterol (4.5%), fasting blood sugar (4.1%) and HbA1c (3.4%). Our findings suggest that the consumption of the supplement can reduce the oxidative damage; however, the effect on QOL was equivocal. Garcinia cambogia extract did not show dietary efficacy.

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Carnitine Deficiency: Primary and Secondary Syndromes

Famularo¹,

Matricardi²,

Nucera³

et al. 1997

Carnitine Today

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Effect of Carnitine on Decrease of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Glutamine in Serum of Septic Rats.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in amino acid composition in the tissues of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a consequence of dietary L-carnitine supplements

Changes in amino acid composition in the tissues of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a consequence of dietary L-carnitine supplements

Effects on the Human Body of a Dietary Supplement Containing L-Carnitine and Garcinia cambogia Extract: A Study using Double-blind Tests

Carnitine Deficiency: Primary and Secondary Syndromes

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