Effect of carrier solvent in 1,2-indanedione formulation on the development of fingermarks on porous substrates

Interpol review of fingermarks and other body impressions (2019 – 2022)

“…Comparative studies – The following studies investigated the relative performance of IND in different contexts: solvent-less application of IND through the use of a vacuum oven [ 233 ]; comparison between DFO and IND/Zn in a tropical environment [ 234 ]; comparison between IND/Zn and NIN to detect fingermarks on brown paper bags and cardboard [ 235 ]; assessment of Solstice-PF as an alternative carrier solvent for IND/Zn [ 236 ]. These studies are briefly described here-below, and the most relevant observations/conclusions cited: the application of IND in a vacuum oven (i.e., 1 mbar and 50°C, for 5 min) was compared to the conventional process (i.e., immersion in IND/Zn followed by heating at 155–160°C for 10 s using a heat press) and the dry-transfer (i.e., item placed under two contact transfer sheets that were pre-soaked in IND/Zn and dried) [ 233 ].…”

Solvent-free strategies for developing latent fingermarks on paper: a review

“…8 Simultaneously, a key chemical manufacturer, 3 M, has committed to cease production of HFE-7100 by the end of 2025. Solstice® PF (trans-1chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene) (GWP: 1) has been proposed as an alternative to HFE-7100; [9][10][11][12] however, this solvent has triggered operational concerns linked to its low boiling point of 19 °C, which is problematic for transport and use in warmer climates. This has led to renewed efforts to identify alternatives to replace HFE-7100, but the bridging solutions are heptane and petroleum ether, 13 each of which is flammable and toxic.…”