Effect of case hardening on the wear and hardness properties of medium carbon steel for bone crushing application

Edun, Bose M.; Ajayi, Oluseyi O.; Babalola, Philip O.; Salawu, Enesi Y.

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17923

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is preferred in applications where high temperatures are involved, such as brake discs, sports car brakes, aircraft brakes, and thermal protective shields. Its electrical and thermal conductivity properties allow its use in electrodes, high-power electrical devices, and laser rods [25]. 1020 steel belongs to the low carbon steel class and contains elements such as iron, carbon, manganese, and sulfur.…”

Section: Disk Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Effect of Material Variations on the Brake Disc

Kepekci,

Agca

2023

IJPTE

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Braking is one of the most critical systems for ensuring the safe driving performance of motor vehicles. Among the components that constitute the braking system, the disc is the one with the highest risk of wear. When the braking system is engaged, the physical contact between the brake pad and the disc leads to the generation of high pressure and high temperature. This released heat shortens the material's lifespan. The wearing or fracturing of the brake disc can result in a significant safety vulnerability. Therefore, it is desired for the discs to have better heat dissipation to increase their longevity. In this study, two different designs of brake discs were first examined thermally using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Subsequently, numerical analyses were conducted under the same boundary conditions by selecting the disc geometry with superior heat dissipation performance and using different materials. The results obtained from the analyses were compared and interpreted. The materials utilized in the study were grey cast iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, and carbon-carbon composite. As a result, it was observed that the carbon-carbon composite exhibited higher resistance to elevated temperatures.

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Section: Disk Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Effect of Material Variations on the Brake Disc

Kepekci,

Agca

2023

IJPTE

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“…The process is conducted by putting the steel in a carbon-rich and/or nitrogen-rich atmosphere at elevated temperatures. This results in the interstitial diffusion of the carbon and/or nitrogen into the steel surface so that the steel surface may be hardened, thereby increasing the material's surface hardness and wear resistance [5]. A major drawback of conventional case hardening is the potentially hazardous nature of the process, particularly with the use of sodium cyanide salts [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Environment on the Case Hardening Characteristics of AISI 1018 Steel during Cassava Leaf Pack Cyaniding

Gordon,

Kalu,

Adetunji

et al. 2023

Alloys

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As part of a comprehensive study on eco-friendly processing techniques, the influence of the heat treatment environment on the case hardening of AISI 1018 steel using pulverized cassava leaf was studied. The process was carried out at two different temperatures (850 °C and 950 °C) and under three environmental conditions: Process 1, the control experiment, was carried out in air only; in Process 2, the medium comprised pulverized cassava leaves; and in Process 3 a combination of pulverized cassava leaves plus barium carbonate (BaCO3) was used as an energizer (CBC mixture). Vickers microhardness testing and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the effect of the processing environment on the case hardening of the steel. As expected, regardless of the processing temperature, Process 1 resulted in little or no hardening of the steel surface. However, notable case hardening occurred when the steel specimens were subjected to either Process 2 or Process 3. Furthermore, the inclusion of barium carbonate in Process 3 significantly enhanced the case hardening effectiveness of the cassava leaf in terms of the rate of and maximum hardness achieved. A maximum enhancement was observed at 950 °C. After 1 h, the increase in hardness was 160% and 280% for Process 2 and Process 3, respectively. Upon increasing the processing time to 5 h, the increase in hardness due to Process 2 was raised to 254%, while that of Process 3 remained at approximately 280%. The diffusivity of AISI 1018 was calculated using the microhardness data. The diffusivity was highest in Process 2 samples with values of 1.568 × 10−9 m2/s at 850 °C and 1.893 × 10−9 m2/s at 950 °C. Effective case hardening of AISI 1018 steel was carried out using the medium of cassava leaf, without the addition of barium carbonate (BaCO3) as an energizer.

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Utilization of Agro-Waste Materials as Viable Strengthening Agents in Carburisation: Review

Edun,

Ajayi,

Afolalu

et al. 2024

2024 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Driving Sustainable Development Goals (SEB4SDG)

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Effect of case hardening on the wear and hardness properties of medium carbon steel for bone crushing application

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Effect of Material Variations on the Brake Disc

Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Effect of Material Variations on the Brake Disc

The Effect of the Environment on the Case Hardening Characteristics of AISI 1018 Steel during Cassava Leaf Pack Cyaniding

Utilization of Agro-Waste Materials as Viable Strengthening Agents in Carburisation: Review

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