Effect of catalyst composition on decreasing of CO2 and CO formation in synthesis of aromatic acids

Kenigsberg, T. P.; Ariko, N. G.; Agabekov, V. E.

doi:10.1016/0196-8904(95)00096-v

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Besides the main reactions as shown in Figure , part of the reactants and the solvent acetic acid will get lost by side reaction of decarboxylation and decarbonylation. , The burning side reaction products mainly consist of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which were denoted as CO X in general. The magnitude of the side reaction can be expressed by the total amount of generated CO X , which could be calculated from the online-recorded volume fraction curve of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide in the off-gas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Ratio of Co/Mn in the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of p-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2006

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Liquid-phase catalytic oxidation of p-xylene to terephthalic acid was performed at 150-210°C over CoMn-Br catalyst system. There was an interesting synergistic effect of cobalt and manganese catalyst. In the previous papers (Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2005,44, 261-266; 4518-4522; 7756-7760), a lumped kinetic scheme and a fractional kinetic model for the liquid-phase oxidation of p-xylene were proposed and tested, and the effects of catalyst concentration, water content, and guanidine catalyst additive were investigated. In this paper, the synergistic effect of cobalt and manganese on the oxidation kinetics was studied. Experiments of several levels of Co/Mn ratio and temperature were carried out in a semibatch oxidation reactor where the gas and liquid phases were well-mixed. The results showed that the variation of the Co/Mn ratio in the catalyst did affect the activity and selectivity of the catalyst system. For the main reaction, there existed an optimum Co/Mn ratio at which the rates of the latter two slower oxidation steps of p-toluic acid and 4-carboxybenzaldehyde reached the maximum, and the optimum Co/Mn ratio decreased with the increase of reaction temperature. However, the burning side reaction of reactant and solvent due to carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide formation increased remarkably with the increase of Co/Mn ratio. A possible mechanism that the optimum Co/Mn ratio presents in the oxidation was proposed eventually.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Ratio of Co/Mn in the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of p-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2006

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In iodinated nylon 6, iodine ions form sheets intercalated between sheets of nylon 6 chains to form a paracrystalline lattice 1. In the case of polyvinyl octal and iodine complex formation, it was found that iodine induces polymeric chain widening and changes the order in the molecular lattice 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between iodine and ethyl cellulose

Wang¹,

Easteal²

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Interaction between iodine and ethyl cellulose was investigated by immersing ethyl cellulose membranes in aqueous iodine-iodide solution (iodine doping) and incorporating iodine in the solution from which the membrane was cast. Oxygen and nitrogen permeabilities in iodine-doped ethyl cellulose decrease with an increase in the concentration of iodine in the dopant solution up to 0.003 mol L Ϫ1 and increase sharply at higher iodine concentrations, and ultraviolet-visible and far-infrared spectra indicate formation of a charge transfer complex. Differential scanning calorimetry of both types of membrane shows changes in the characteristic phase transitions of ethyl cellulose after iodine treatment, including the crystal-liquid crystal transition that has been reported to occur in ethyl cellulose. Further evidence for liquid crystal phases has been found from circular dichroism. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of iodine-doped ethyl cellulose films indicates that the iodine is present in two different chemical states, probably l 3 Ϫ and l 2 .

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“…In addition, the PX oxidation reaction involves many side reactions, among which acetic acid combustion and PX combustion are the most important. The mechanism of acetic acid combustion reaction has been described in detail by Kenigsberg et al [4]. Fig.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the combustion loss can be calculated only after the content of products associated is obtained. The main products of the side reactions are CO x (CO and CO 2 ) [4], but their content in the reactor off-gas could not be measured online due to the poor measurement method and the large dead time of the process. From both economic and control points of view, the CO x content model, which is highly nonlinear to the reaction factors, needs to be developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Self-adaptive Immune Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of Combustion Side Reaction of p-Xylene Oxidation

Tao¹,

Kong²,

Zhong³

et al. 2012

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering

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In recent years, immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is gaining popularity for finding the optimal solution for non-linear optimization problems in many engineering applications. However, IGA with deterministic mutation factor suffers from the problem of premature convergence. In this study, a modified self-adaptive immune genetic algorithm (MSIGA) with two memory bases, in which immune concepts are applied to determine the mutation parameters, is proposed to improve the searching ability of the algorithm and maintain population diversity. Performance comparisons with other well-known population-based iterative algorithms show that the proposed method converges quickly to the global optimum and overcomes premature problem. This algorithm is applied to optimize a feed forward neural network to measure the content of products in the combustion side reaction of p-xylene oxidation, and satisfactory results are obtained. Keywords self-adaptive immune genetic algorithm, artificial neural network, measurement, p-xylene oxidation process

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Effect of catalyst composition on decreasing of CO2 and CO formation in synthesis of aromatic acids

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Optimum Ratio of Co/Mn in the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of p-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid

Optimum Ratio of Co/Mn in the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of p-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid

Interaction between iodine and ethyl cellulose

Modified Self-adaptive Immune Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of Combustion Side Reaction of p-Xylene Oxidation

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