Effect of cationic-surfactant-modified Saudi bentonite on the thermal and flammability properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based nanocomposite films

Abstract

In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-modified Saudi bentonite nanocomposite films were prepared using the solution method. Two surfactants, cetylpyridinium chloride and tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide, were used to modify the clay after the ion-exchange process by Na + ions. The effect of the addition of modified Saudi bentonite (2.5%) on the thermal and flammability properties of the nanocomposite films was investigated. The prepared samples were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were carried out to observe the thermal behaviour of the PVA-based nanocomposite films. Vertical flammability tests (UL94 VB) were also carried out to study the flame retardancy behaviour of the nanocomposite films. The nanocomposite films showed better flammability than pure PVA, wherein the ignition time of the nanocomposites increased and flame propagation rate decreased. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites increased by approximately 10% for the onset and endset temperature of decomposition. The type of surfactant played an important role in dispersion of the clay into the polymeric matrix and enhancing the flammability properties of the films wherein the tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide was better flame retardant than cetylpyridinium chloride. ARTICLE HISTORY

Bentonite Impregnation Ammonium-Assisted as Eco-Friendly Dye Adsorbent: Analyses of Kinetics and Thermodynamics in Cationic Dye Adsorption

“…It is linear with the formation of quartz minerals at bent-NH [23]. The bent-NH shows an expanded lamellar condition triggered by bigger ammonium as an impregnation agent [24]. Structural and Sustainable Materials Reformation in the bentonite crystallization was recorded by the XRD spectra analysis displayed in Fig.…”

PVA/Na-Bentonite kompozitlerin yapısal ve dielektrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

“…Bu pikteki zayıflığın nedeni PVA'nın yüksek derecede hidrolizlenmesidir [30]. 1656 cm -1 'de gözlenen pik, bağlı suyun deformasyonuna atfedilirken, 1418 cm -1 'de gözlenen pik C-H bükülmesinin titreşimidir [32]. 1326 cm -1 'de gözlenen tepe noktası, C-H gerilme titreşimleri için pik noktalarının örtüşmesiyle ilişkilidir [33].…”