Effect of Ce addition on the precipitation of deleterious phases and the associated intergranular corrosion resistance of 27Cr–7Ni hyper duplex stainless steels

Jeon, Soon-Hyeok; Hur, Do Haeng; Kim, Hye Jin; Park, Yong Soo

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2014.10.018

Cited by 48 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although additions of REs in these steels led to significant grain refinement, the actual mechanisms of how rare earths refine the grains and their effects on mechanical properties are still unclear. Commonly, it is considered that RE additions lead to either purification of liquid steels [32], modification of inclusions [32][33][34], a microalloying effect [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], grain refinement [32,34], or their combinations. Previously reported results about the grain refinement during solidification of steels by adding lanthanum or/and cerium are rather inconsistent.…”

Section: • Chemical Grain Refinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Zhang

Ren

2018

Metals

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Refinement of as-cast structures is one of the most effective approaches to improve mechanical properties, formability, and surface quality of steel castings and ingots. In the past few decades, addition of rare earths (REs), lanthanum and cerium in particular, has been considered as a practical and effective method to refine the as-cast steels. However, previous reports contained inconsistent, sometime even contradictory, results. This review summaries the major published results on investigation of the roles of lanthanum or/and cerium in various steels, provides reviews on the similarity and difference of previous studies, and clarifies the inconsistent results. The proposed mechanisms of grain refinement by the addition of lanthanum or/and cerium are also reviewed. It is concluded that the grain refinement of steels by RE additions is attributed to either heterogeneous nucleation on the in-situ formed RE inclusions, a solute effect, or the combined effect of both. The models/theories for evaluation of heterogeneous nucleation potency and for solute effect on grain refinement of cast metals are also briefly summarized.

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Section: • Chemical Grain Refinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Zhang

Ren

2018

Metals

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“…Extensive studies have focused on the effect of trace rare‐earth cerium addition in steel. [ 11–21 ] Cerium changes the morphology and composition of sulfides in steel, thus improving the pitting corrosion resistance. Cracks in stainless steels under deformation have been observed to be associated with MnS inclusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of Ce on increasing the passive range, decreasing the passive current density, and reducing deleterious phases is well known. [ 14–16 ] Park et al [ 17 ] and Pieraggi [ 18 ] found that Ce addition reduces the precipitation rates of brittle phases and explained this phenomenon‐from the viewpoint that Ce atoms due to smaller atomic radii may fill vacancies efficiently for diffusion paths of Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, and W elements. Jeon et al [ 19 ] reported that the pitting corrosion of the Ce added alloy propagated to phase α first, and then to phase γ in deaerated 25 wt% NaCl solution at 75 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ce Addition on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of 2101 Duplex Stainless Steel

Gong

Zhang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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2101 duplex stainless steel with low Ni content is developed to replace austenitic stainless steel in many corrosive environments. Herein, the effects of Ce addition on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of 2101 duplex stainless steel are studied. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of 2101 duplex stainless steel with Ce contents of 0, 0.005, and 0.020 wt% is studied in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and 0.05 mol L−1 H2SO4 + 0.05 mol L−1 KSCN solution at 25 °C. The situation is evaluated in 6 wt% FeCl3 solution at 35 °C. The results show that with increasing Ce content, the proportion of α phase in 2101 duplex stainless steel decreases, whereas the proportion of γ phase increases. At 0.005 wt% Ce, the two‐phase ratio is close to 1:1. Moreover, the partition coefficient (K) of elements gradually approaches 1 with increasing Ce, indicating a more uniform element distribution between the two phases. The electrochemical experiments in simulated seawater and acidic environments show that Ce addition gradually increases the corrosion potential and pitting resistance, leading to the formation of more stable passivation film.

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“…For the past few years, research on rare earth (RE) microalloyed steel has attracted much attention [14,15,16]. First of all, the doping of RE elements can improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of microalloyed steels due to their effects on the purification of steel liquid, improvement of phase transformation, and modification of second phases, which has been investigated extensively [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. Secondly, the addition of RE elements has an effect on corrosion properties of microalloyed steels by promoting the formation of passive corrosion product films [22,27,28,29], and modifying inclusions [25,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Understanding of the Role of Rare Earth Inclusions in the Initial Marine Corrosion Process of Microalloyed Steels

Tang

Liu

et al. 2019

Materials

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In this study, the corrosion behavior of rare earth (RE) microalloyed steels was first evaluated through potentiodynamic polarization tests and corrosion weight loss experiments, and then the corrosion morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). After immersion in a NaCl solution, the sulfides (or oxygen sulfides) dissolved preferentially, followed by corrosion at the boundary between the Fe matrix and oxides. Afterwards, the inclusions fell off as a whole, which promoted pitting nucleation. The first principle modeling demonstrated that the work functions of various kinds of inclusions descended in the following order: La2Zr2O7 > LaAlO3 > (La2O3 ≈ Fe ≈ La2O2S) > La2S3, which provided a theoretical explanation to the dissolution behaviors of inclusions. That is, inclusions containing sulfur tend to dissolve preferentially, whereas the oxides do not dissolve easily. Subsequently, the surface current distributions were detected by the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET), which provided more microscopic insight into the role of inclusions in the corrosion propagation. Results showed that the active sites of pitting nucleation accelerated the transverse propagation of corrosion. Finally, local corrosion spread to the whole surface as uniform corrosion.

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Effect of Ce addition on the precipitation of deleterious phases and the associated intergranular corrosion resistance of 27Cr–7Ni hyper duplex stainless steels

Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Influence of Ce Addition on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of 2101 Duplex Stainless Steel

Mechanism Understanding of the Role of Rare Earth Inclusions in the Initial Marine Corrosion Process of Microalloyed Steels

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