Effect of cell size, age and anatomical location on the lipolytic response of adipocytes

Hartman, Arthur D.; Christ, Dean W.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(78)90279-5

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present findings showing that the pD2 value and the intrinsic activity in epididymal adipocytes were 8.02 ± 0.07 and 100% for Isop and 9.31 ± 0.05 and 94 ± 4% for CL316,243, was more lipolytic than those [6,7] reported above. Although the difference between our results and other data was not unclear, it may be explained by the body weight of rats used; we used young rats (150 g) in which the size of the adipocytes does not vary among the regional sites [19,20], because lipolysis rates are higher in large fat cells than in small fat cells [21,22], but others used more adult rats (160-250 g) [17,[23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effect of CL316,243, a Highly Specific .BETA.3-Adrenoceptor Agonist, on Lipolysis of Epididymal, Mesenteric and Subcutaneous Adipocytes in Rats.

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. To clarify whether a -adrenoceptor agonist is more lipolytic in the visceral adipocytes than in the subcutaneous adipocytes, the lipolysis induced by CL316,243, a highly specific f3-adrenoceptor agonist (relative selectivities of 0, 1 and 100,000 for flu-, r2-and r3-receptors, respectively) was investigated in adipose tissue from rats. White adipocytes were prepared from the subcutaneous, mesenteric, and epididymal white adipose tissues of male Wistar rats (weighing about 150 g). Our findings showed that lipolysis of white adipocytes was stimulated both by the non-specific 1-adrenoceptor agonist, isoproterenol, and by the -specific adrenoceptor agonist, CL316,243, but the lipolytic sensitivity to CL316,243 was about 10 times greater than that to isoproterenol in these three adipose tissues. Both isoproterenol and CL316,243 induced more noticeable lipolysis in the epididymal and mesenteric than in the subcutaneous adipose cells in terms of the pD2 value [ -log mol 1-1 for EC50 (the concentration of an agonist giving half of its own maximum stimulation)]. These findings show that CL316,243 is more lipolytic in the visceral adipose cells than in the subcutaneous adipose cells, although epididymal adipose cells showed a high lipolytic response close to those observed in visceral adipose cells. CL316,243 may therefore be especially useful for the treatment of visceral fat type obesity related to various diseases.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effect of CL316,243, a Highly Specific .BETA.3-Adrenoceptor Agonist, on Lipolysis of Epididymal, Mesenteric and Subcutaneous Adipocytes in Rats.

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It seems, however, that WAT samples from obese humans have increases in lipolytic activity (242) rather than decreases in lipolytic activity, as conventional wisdom might dictate. This likely is attributable in part or in whole to the increases in lipolysis by large-volume compared with small-volume fat cells (243)(244)(245)(246). Increases in lipolysis by large fat cells seem contradictory to the maintenance of increased adiposity; however, the rates of reesterification of the released FFAs back into triacylglycerol are increased in obese compared with lean humans (247,248).…”

Section: Perspectives On the Sympathetic And Sensory Innervation Of Watmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Sympathetic and sensory innervation of white adipose tissue

Bartness

Song

2007

Journal of Lipid Research

182

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During our study of the reversal of seasonal obesity in Siberian hamsters, we found an interaction between receptors for the pineal hormone melatonin and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow from brain to white adipose tissue (WAT). This ultimately led us and others to conclude that the SNS innervation of WAT is the primary initiator of lipid mobilization in these as well as other animals, including humans. There is strong neurochemical (norepinephrine turnover), neuroanatomical (viral tract tracing), and functional (sympathetic denervation-induced blockade of lipolysis) evidence for the role of the SNS in lipid mobilization. Recent findings suggest the presence of WAT sensory innervation based on strong neuroanatomical (viral tract tracing, immunohistochemical markers of sensory nerves) and suggestive functional (capsaicin sensory denervation-induced WAT growth) evidence, the latter implying a role in conveying adiposity information to the brain. By contrast, parasympathetic nervous system innervation of WAT is characterized by largely negative neuroanatomical evidence (viral tract tracing, immunohistochemical and biochemical markers of parasympathetic nerves). Functional evidence (intraneural stimulation and in situ microdialysis) for the role of the SNS innervation in lipid mobilization in human WAT is convincing, with some controversy regarding the level of sympathetic nerve activity in human obesity.-Bartness, T. J., and C. K. Song. Sympathetic and sensory innervation of white adipose tissue. J. Lipid Res. 2007. 48: 1655-1672. Supplementary key words obesityObesity is a disease of literally and figuratively enormous proportions (1, 2) and is an independent risk factor for type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and some cancers (3-5). Estimates of the mortality rate of overweight/obese individuals range from ?325,000 deaths per year (6) to as low as ?26,000 (7), making overweight/ obesity either the number two or number seven cause of death in adults in the United States, respectively. Considerable research effort has focused on determining the factors involved in the development of obesity in nonhuman animals; consequently, our understanding of these is substantial, but still far from complete. Somewhat surprisingly, less effort has focused on determining the factors involved in the reversal of obesity in nonhuman animals. We have contributed to these latter efforts by studying the reversal of a naturally occurring seasonal obesity in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). In the process of conducting this work, we discovered the importance of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in lipid mobilization from white adipose tissue (WAT) as well as more recently realizing the possible importance of the sensory innervation of WAT. Several overviews of the role of the SNS in lipid mobilization were published recently (8-11). To give a better understanding of how we came to the realization that lipid mobilization occurs primarily through the sympathetic innervation of WAT, we will descri...

show abstract

“… 47,55–59 Depots may differ in their responses to insulin, their lipoprotein lipase content, and their lipolytic response to catecholamines. These metabolic differences between depots appear to represent more than a simple effect of variations in cell size 60,61 . When comparisons are made between studies in different fat depots, this morphologic and metabolic variability between depots must be borne in mind.…”

Section: Methodologic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, if cells of 1‐ and 4‐month old rats are matched for size, basal glycerol release may fall 84 . Others have reported increased, 38,73,93 unchanged, 60,95 or decreased 24,81 basal lipolysis with maturation, depending on the methods followed and the units used to express results. Few studies of alterations in basal lipolysis during senescence are available.…”

Section: Basal Lipolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With advancing age, the change in catechol‐amine‐promoted lipolysis per cell is often opposite to changes in animal weight or fat cell size. This implies that aging exerts an effect on adipocyte catecholamine sensitivity that is independent of cell size 60,61,96 . The ability of injected catecholamines to elicit increases in plasma free fatty acids declines with advancing age, while increases in plasma glucose are uniform 97,98 .…”

Section: Effects Of Catecholamines On Aging Adipocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adipocyte Hormone Responsiveness and Aging in the Rat: Problems in the Interpretation of Aging Research

Kirkland

Dax

1984

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fat is a metabolically dynamic tissue. Its metabolism is under the control of several well-characterized hormonal systems. There appear to be changes in the hormonal sensitivity of rat fat with age. No single mechanism has been proved to explain all the changes observed in adipocyte hormonal responsiveness with aging, although it does seem likely that age does have an independent effect on fat metabolism from studies to date.

show abstract

Effect of cell size, age and anatomical location on the lipolytic response of adipocytes

Cited by 37 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of CL316,243, a Highly Specific .BETA.3-Adrenoceptor Agonist, on Lipolysis of Epididymal, Mesenteric and Subcutaneous Adipocytes in Rats.

Effect of CL316,243, a Highly Specific .BETA.3-Adrenoceptor Agonist, on Lipolysis of Epididymal, Mesenteric and Subcutaneous Adipocytes in Rats.

Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Sympathetic and sensory innervation of white adipose tissue

Adipocyte Hormone Responsiveness and Aging in the Rat: Problems in the Interpretation of Aging Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About