Effect of Cement Type on the Mechanical Behavior and Permeability of Concrete Subjected to High Temperatures

Abstract

The paper presents experimental investigations concerning the influence of the cement type (CEMI 42.5 R Portland cement and CEMIII/A 42.5 N slag cement—with 53% granulated blast furnace slag) on the mechanical and transport properties of heated concretes. The evolution of properties due to high temperature exposure occurring during a fire was investigated. High temperature exposure produces changes in the transport and mechanical properties of concrete, but the effect of cement type has not been widely studied in the literature. In this paper, concretes were made with two cement types: CEMI and CEMIII, using basalt (B) and riverbed aggregates (RB). The compressive and tensile strength, as well as the static modulus of elasticity and Cembureau permeability, were tested after high temperature exposure to 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 °C. The evaluation of damage to the concrete and crack development due to high temperature effects was performed on the basis of the change in the static modulus of elasticity. The test results clearly demonstrated that permeability increases with damage, and it follows an exponential type formula for both types of cement.

Special Issue: Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete, Part I

“…The issues of the original research papers and stat-of-the art reviews published in this Special Issue of Materials, and coming from over 45 international universities and scientific centres, can be divided as follows: permeability and diffusivity, which are directly related to the quality of concrete and to the durability in various aggressive environments [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]; properties of modified cement matrix composites reinforced with fibers [ 14 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]; application of new types of supplementary cementitious materials [ 13 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]; characterization of various types of modified cement based materials [ 18 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. …”

“…permeability and diffusivity, which are directly related to the quality of concrete and to the durability in various aggressive environments [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ];…”

Role of Polypropylene Fibres in Concrete Spalling Risk Mitigation in Fire and Test Methods of Fibres Effectiveness Evaluation

“…When the tensile stress increases to a critical level, which is higher than the tensile strength of concrete, spalling may begin. In normal-strength concrete (NSC), the gas permeability measured by authors is 2.22E-16 [17]. Therefore, the water vapour moves with ease through the porous network and evaporates quickly.…”

“…As a consequence, the water-clogged zone is more prone to forming in high-strength concretes (HSC) and ultra-high-performance concretes (UHPC), in which the permeability is 0.52E-17 [17]. Due to the low permeability of the material, a water clog zone will form quickly.…”

“…In this study, PP fibres with a specific gravity of 0.91 g/cm 3 , three different amount of PP fibres (0, 0.9 and 1.8 kg/m 3 ) and three lengths (6, 12 and 19 mm) were used. The five series of concrete were tested, designated as “HPC_fibredosage_fibre length.” The increase of the heated concrete gas permeability was measured using the Cembureau method, described in detail in Reference [17]. The study has shown the effect of the length and content of PP fibres on the relative permeability of heated HPCs.…”