Effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on inflammation in vascular endothelial cells

Abstract

Because vascular endothelial cell inflammation is critical in the development of cardiovascular pathology, we hypothesized that direct exposure of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) to ultrafine particles induces an inflammatory response. To test the hypothesis, we incubated HAECs for 4 h with different concentrations (0.001-50 μg/ml) of CeO 2 nanoparticles and subsequently measured mRNA levels of the three inflammatory markers intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interleukin (IL)-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ceria nanoparticles caused very little inflammatory response in HAECs, even at the highest dose. This material is apparently rather benign in comparison with Y 2 O 3 and ZnO nanoparticles that we have studied previously. These results suggest that inflammation in HAECs following acute exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles depends strongly on particle composition.

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Oxidative Stress

“…Finally, the nanoparticle inertness in interacting with CPC intracellular physicochemical mechanisms was confirmed by the ceria inability to modify basal ROS levels and to induce cytotoxicity, as described in other mammalian cell types. 47,48 Taken together, ceria nanoparticles uptaken during 24 h pulse persisted for the total length (7 days) of the experiments inside CPCs cultured in a standard medium deprived of nanoparticles; nonetheless, they did not induce apparent structural and functional cell modifications. However, in several cell types, nanoceria plays an antioxidant and antiapoptotic role related to the presence of Ce 3þ ions.…”

Prophylactic Treatment with Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Attenuate Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats

“…More specifically, nanoceria have been shown to be taken up by Kupffer cells with in the liver. While the exact mechanism of bioprocessing of nanoceria is still under investigation, an in vitro study by Gojova et al indicated that it would take approximately 400h for complete dissolution of a 100nm particle [33]. Butterfield et al later demonstrated that nanoceria within the liver undergo partial dissolution to form second generation nanoceria clouds that are much smaller and potentially exhibit greater activity in reduction of free radicals [34].…”

Cytotoxicity, permeability, and inflammation of metal oxide nanoparticles in human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells

“…Previous studies have reported that metal oxide nanoparticles can lead to cytotoxic effects on vascular endothelial cells (Gojova et al 2007(Gojova et al , 2009Kennedy et al 2009;Rosas-Hernandez et al 2009;Yu et al 2010;Chen et al 2008b). The results of these studies demonstrate that cytotoxicity and inflammation in vascular endothelial cells after acute exposure to metal oxide NPs depend on the concentration and composition of the particles.…”

“…The results of these studies demonstrate that cytotoxicity and inflammation in vascular endothelial cells after acute exposure to metal oxide NPs depend on the concentration and composition of the particles. Iron(III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were all internalized into human aortic endothelial cells, but only Y 2 O 3 and ZnO elicited a pronounced inflammatory response Gojova et al 2009Gojova et al , 2007. Exposure to Fe 2 O 3 NPs induces an increase in human microvascular endothelial cell permeability through reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress-modulated microtubule remodeling (Apopa et al 2009).…”