Effect of changes in feeding schedule on the diurnal rhythms and daily activity levels of intestinal brush border enzymes and transport systems

Stevenson, Nancy R.; Ferrigni, Filippo; Parnicky, Kris; Day, Susan; Fierstein, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(75)90048-6

Cited by 76 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In adult rats, there is a circadian fluctuation of sucrase activities with peak values while feeding (normally at night) and minimal values while resting (32). During development, the sucrase rhythm normally appears by day 22 (1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Diet in the Determination of Jejunal Sucrase Activity in the Weanling Rat

Henning

Guerin

1981

Pediatr Res

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SummaryThis study was designed to determine the critical difference between rat milk and rat chow with respect to their effects on jejunal sucrase activity during the fourth postnatal wk. Rats were weaned onto special diets on postnatal day 17, and jejunal sucrase was assayed on day 28. A pelleted diet containing lactose as sole carbohydrate did not cause depression of sucrase activity. Sucrase values (pmoles/hr/mg protein) were 10.49 k 0.81 (n = 15) for the lactose chow and 6.65 + 0.29 (n = 16) for the sucrose chow. This indicates that the nature of the dietary carbohydrate does not account for the sucrase differences of weaned and nonweaned animals. Likewise, the physical consistency of the diet is unimportant because sucrase values were just as high on a liquid diet (10.91 f 0.77 pmoles/hr/mg protein; n = 8) as on the solid diets. However, when the relative proportions of carbohydrate and fat in the diet were varied, there were significant effects on sucrase activity; values on a low carbohydrate diet (4.30 k 0.33 pmoles/ hr/mg protein; n = 8) being less than one-half those on a high carbohydrate diet (10.91 + 0.77 pmoles/hr/mg protein; n = 8). SpeculationThe terminal maturation of jejunal sucrase is dependent on the normal process of weaning. The critical feature of the weanling diet is that it is a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet. In the absence of this dietary transition, intestinal development remains incomplete.The postnatal development of the rat small intestine is characterized by an array of enzymic changes during the third wk of life. Some enzymes (such as lactase and the lysosomal hydrolases) which have high activities at birth, decline at this time; others (such as maltase and sucrase) show dramatic increases in their activities. The details of these enzymic changes and their irnportance in the dietary transition from milk to solid food have been frequently reviewed (6,15,16,19,27). There is good evidence to indicate that the enzymic changes are cued by the glucocorticoid (4,8,14,15,16,18,22) and the thyroid (13,20,21,34) hormones. Although there is a temporal correlation between the maturation of the intestinal mucosa and the spontaneous process of weaning, the possibility that the ontogenic changes in the intestine are diet initiated has generally been discredited (4,10,17,23). For instance, rat pups which are prevented from weaning show an initial rise of jejunal sucrase at 17 days of age, just as in control pups (17). However, the same study showed that by the fourth postnatal wk, diet is an important determinant of sucrase activity. In control (weaned) pups, sucrase activity had plateaued at adult levels by day 27, whereas nonweaned pups had enzyme activities less than one-half those of controls and equivalent to activities usually seen on approximately day 20 (17). Thus, it seems that the normal process of weaning is necessary for the terminal maturation of jejunal sucrase activity. The aim of the current study was to determine the critical feature of the dietary change from milk to chow whic...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Diet in the Determination of Jejunal Sucrase Activity in the Weanling Rat

Henning

Guerin

1981

Pediatr Res

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“…That the circadian rhythm of sucrase activity in rats is synchronized by the time of feeding, but not by the lighting rhythm, has also been clearly established (2)(3)(4)(5). A significant rise in enzyme activity usually occurs 1 h before onset of feeding with continued elevated levels throughout the feeding period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A number of studies have demonstrated a circadian rhythm in the activities of intestinal disaccharidases (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). That the circadian rhythm of sucrase activity in rats is synchronized by the time of feeding, but not by the lighting rhythm, has also been clearly established (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circadian Rhythm of Intestinal Sucrase Activity in Rats

Kaufman¹,

Korsmo²,

Olsen³

1980

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Past investigation has revealed that the circadian rhythm of intestinal sucrase activity in rats is primarily cued by the time of feeding. We examined the mechanism of the circadian rhythm by methods involving quantitative immunoprecipitation of sucraseisomaltase protein and study of decay of radioactively labeled protein. Rats were placed on a controlled feeding regimen (1000-1500 h) and then sacrificed at 3-h intervals over a 24-h period. Immunotitration experiments indicated that the circadian rhythm was the result ofchanges in the absolute amount of sucrase-isomaltase protein present and not of changes in the enzyme's catalytic efficiency.To study the mechanism of this circadian variation in sucrase-isomaltase mass, [14C]sodium carbonate was injected and, after maximum incorporation into brush border protein, the rats were sacrified at 3-h intervals. Sucrase-isomaltase protein was isolated by immunoprecipitation, and the decrease in total disintegrations per minute over time was used to study degradation of the protein. Enzyme degradation was not constant but exhibited a clear circadian rhythm. The period of increasing enzyme mass was characterized by virtual cessation of enzyme degradation (t1/2 of 38 h), and the period of declining enzyme mass by rapid degradation (t1/2 of 6 h or less). We found similar changes in enzyme degradation in fasted animals, demonstrating that the changes were not the result of decreased isotope reutilization during feeding. We found no evidence of a circadian rhythm in [14C]leucine incorporation into the protein, suggesting that enzyme synthesis was constant.These results indicate that the circadian rhythm of sucrase activity represents changes in the total amount ofenzyme protein that are, at least in large part, secondary to changes in the enzyme's degradation rate.

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“…As a conclusion, before investigating into specific responses of APase to dietary phosphoproteins, it may be necessary to establish more distinct experimental conditions by discriminating them from other factors to this enzyme function such as dietary pattern13) and its frequency14, 15) as well as mode of intestinal micro flora.11)…”

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confidence: 99%

On the activity of alkaline phosphatase in intestinal mucosa from casein-fed rats.

Nishimura

Kadowaki

1976

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry

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Effect of changes in feeding schedule on the diurnal rhythms and daily activity levels of intestinal brush border enzymes and transport systems

Cited by 76 publications

References 27 publications

Role of Diet in the Determination of Jejunal Sucrase Activity in the Weanling Rat

Role of Diet in the Determination of Jejunal Sucrase Activity in the Weanling Rat

Circadian Rhythm of Intestinal Sucrase Activity in Rats

On the activity of alkaline phosphatase in intestinal mucosa from casein-fed rats.

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