Effect of Chemical and Physical Treatments on Seed Germination ofErica australis

Vera, Daniel Trigueros; Parra, Raquel; Oliva, Sabina Rossini

doi:10.5735/085.047.0505

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…No increased germination in simulated-winter or simulated-spring in LS soils in comparison with ES was observed, as would have been expected if cold requirements or other mechanisms of physiological dormancy had been present (Baskin and Baskin 1998). These data corroborate laboratory experiments that showed that cold exposure is not required for germination in several groups of Mediterranean species (Giménez-Benavides et al 2005;Luna et al 2008), although this may not apply to all shrubby species (Trigueros Vera et al 2010). As discussed above, the impact of these changes in the relative temporal patterns of germination on the shrub-herbs interactions is probably not very important since the simulated-autumn germination peak was dominant, although field studies need to verify this.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Soil seed bank, fire season, and temporal patterns of germination in a seeder-dominated Mediterranean shrubland

et al. 2011

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Soil seed banks play a major role in the post-fire regeneration of Mediterranean shrublands. They vary throughout the year in species composition, abundance, and readiness to germinate. After fire, germination occurs mainly during the following fall to spring. Time of germination can determine recruitment success. It is unclear what factors control postfire germination and its timing. We tested the effects of season and fire on the readily germinable soil seed bank of a seeder-dominated shrubland. Plots were burned early and late in the summer season (ES, LS). Soil samples were collected before and after fire, and germinated in a chamber simulating successively autumn, winter, and spring conditions. Samples were kept moistened at all times. Fire intensity was similar between ES and LS. Several species of Cistus and herbs, mostly annuals, were dominant. Most germination occurred during the simulated-autumn period, with little subsequent germination during the following two periods. Germination speed (T 50 ) during simulated-autumn was similar for shrubs and herbs, and independent of season or fire. Germination was lower for two shrubs (Rosmarinus officinalis, Cistus salvifolius) and higher for herbaceous dicots in LS than in ES soils. Fire reduced monocots and enhanced Cistus. Germination period significantly interacted with fire and season in some groups or species, altering the simulated-autumn germination peak. We demonstrate that the seed bank can germinate swiftly under simulated-autumn conditions. Hence, water availability is the main controlling factor of germination. Fire season differentially affected some species or groups, and could affect the post-fire regeneration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Soil seed bank, fire season, and temporal patterns of germination in a seeder-dominated Mediterranean shrubland

et al. 2011

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“…Germination after fire in the field is delayed in time with respect to the other two species; autumn rainfall triggering germination in Cistus and Rosmarinus was not as efficient for doing so in Erica, whose germination was delayed until later in the winter or spring (Quintana et al, 2004). Cold stratification is also required for germination in Erica australis, a species common in these shrublands (Trigueros Vera et al, 2010). Furthermore, germination after fire in this species can be delayed by several months (Valbuena et al, 2000).…”

Section: Emergence Recruitment and Fire Seasonmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rainfall patterns after fire differentially affect the recruitment of three Mediterranean shrubs

Moreno¹,

Zuazua²,

Pérez³

et al. 2011

Preprint

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In fire-prone environments, the "event-dependent hypothesis" states that plant population changes are driven by the unique set of conditions of a fire (e.g., fire season, climate). Climate variability, in particular changes in rainfall patterns, can be most important for seeder species, since they must regenerate after fire from seeds, and for Mediterranean shrublands, given the high yearly variability of rainfall in these ecosystems. Yet, the role of rainfall variability and its interaction with fire characteristics (e.g., fire season) on plant populations has received little attention. Here we investigated the changes in seedling emergence and recruitment of three seeder species (Cistus ladanifer, Erica umbellata and Rosmarinus officinalis) after fires lit during three different years and at two times during the fire season (early and late in the fire season) to account for potential changes in the soil seed-bank during the year. Three plots were burned at each season, for a total of 18 plots burned during the three years. After fire, emerged seedlings were tallied, tagged and monitored during three years (two the last burning year). Rainfall during the study period was rather variable, and in some years was well below average. Seedling emergence after fire varied by a factor of 3 to 10, depending on the species and on the burning year. The bulk of seedling emergence occurred in the first year after fire, and seedling recruitment at the end of the study period was tightly correlated with this early emergence. Seedling emergence in E umbellata and R officinalis, but not in C ladanifer, were correlated with precipitation in the fall and winter immediately after the fire, being E umbellata most sensitive to low rainfall. Fire season was generally not an important factor in controlling emergence and recruitment. We discuss how projected changes in rainfall patterns with global warming can alter the balance of species in this shrubland, and can drive some species to near local extinction

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“…Colonization and survival data were collected at 5 months. For the seedling experiment, seeds were stored in the freezer for 3 months to aid stratification and break dormancy (Vera, Martin & Oliva 2010). Prior to sowing, seeds were surface-sterilized for 30 s in 1Á5% calcium hypochlorite, rinsed with distilled water and then sown directly in 50-mL tubes (three per tube) filled with the peat:sand mixture.…”

Section: N O C U L a T I O N E X P E R I M E N T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Liverworts to the rescue: an investigation of their efficacy as mycorrhizal inoculum for vascular plants

et al. 2015

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Summary Pezoloma ericae (D.J. Read) Baral, a widespread mycorrhizal fungus of plants in the Ericales, is known to form intracellular associations with several families of leafy liverworts (Schistochilaceae, Lepidoziaceae, Cephaloziaceae, Cephaloziellaceae) in vitro. The ecological significance of this link between vascular and non‐vascular plants is unknown. Fungal symbionts were isolated from rhizoids of the leafy liverworts Cephalozia connivens (Dicks.) Lindb. and C. bicuspidata (L.) Dum. (Cephaloziaceae), as well as from the hair roots of two dominant ericoid mycorrhiza‐forming species of European heathlands, Erica tetralix (L.) and Calluna vulgaris (L.). Using pure cultures of P. ericae, we resynthesized liverwort–fungus associations to use colonized liverworts as inoculum which was applied to substrates supporting the growth of heather seedlings and cuttings. Effects were quantified using germination, rooting, plant colonization, plant survival under waterlogging stress and growth in height in experimental systems with and without liverworts and/or fungi. Fungal symbionts growing from liverwort rhizoids readily colonized the hair roots of ericaceous plants to form typical ericoid mycorrhizas. The presence of inoculum‐bearing liverworts led to significant increases in plant growth. Erica tetralix was more responsive to inoculation than C. vulgaris. Ericaceous cuttings rooted and survived more successfully when they were coplanted with previously colonized liverwort stems. We demonstrate, under realistic ecological circumstances, that liverworts can deliver mycorrhizal inoculum and improve the establishment of vascular plants. We propose that by providing sources of mycorrhizal inoculum, symbiotic non‐vascular plants can contribute to the restoration of plant communities dominated by Ericales plants. This research leads to broader knowledge about the function of ericoid mycorrhizas in ecosystems.

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Effect of Chemical and Physical Treatments on Seed Germination ofErica australis

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Soil seed bank, fire season, and temporal patterns of germination in a seeder-dominated Mediterranean shrubland

Soil seed bank, fire season, and temporal patterns of germination in a seeder-dominated Mediterranean shrubland

Rainfall patterns after fire differentially affect the recruitment of three Mediterranean shrubs

Liverworts to the rescue: an investigation of their efficacy as mycorrhizal inoculum for vascular plants

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