Effect of Chemical Thromboprophylaxis on the Rate of Venous Thromboembolism After Treatment of Foot and Ankle Fractures

Abstract

Level II, prospective comparative study.

Individual risk factors predictive of venous thromboembolism in patients with temporary lower limb immobilization due to injury: a systematic review

“…The design and patient characteristics of the included studies are summarized in Table . All studies were published between 1993 and 2017.…”

“…Five were RCTs with conservative arms [27,28,32,33,41], three were prospective observational cohort or cross-sectional studies [30,35,38], one was a case-control study [39] and six were retrospective cohort studies [29,31,34,36,37,40], conducted in 10 different countries (Australia [29,30,36], Canada [28,34], China [41], Denmark [40], France [38], Germany [27,32,33], Iran [35], the Netherlands [39], the UK [31] and the USA [37]). The vast majority of the studies (n = 11) were entirely outpatient based [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]35,36,38,41], and the remaining studies [34,37,39,40] included patients with a short-duration inpatient stay to facilitate day-case surgery. In total, data were collated on 80 678 patients with a subsequent reported outcome of VTE positive or negative following temporary lower...…”

“…The duration of follow-up varied between studies. Ten studies reported follow-up over a period of at least 3 months [28][29][30][31]34,[37][38][39][40][41] and one study followed-up patients for up to 14 days [35]. Although four studies failed to record the duration of follow-up [27,32,33,36], two of these appeared to report follow-up only for the duration of the plaster cast, which averaged 15.7 days [33] and 17 days [32], respectively.…”

“…Although four studies failed to record the duration of follow-up [27,32,33,36], two of these appeared to report follow-up only for the duration of the plaster cast, which averaged 15.7 days [33] and 17 days [32], respectively. Eight studies collected data on risk factors prospectively via physician assessment or questionnaire [27,28,30,32,33,38,39,41] and six studies collected these data through clinical records, electronic patient notes or registry information [29,31,34,36,37,40]. One study did not report the methodology for this aspect of data collection [35].…”

“…Figure 1 summarizes the process of identifying and selecting relevant literature. Of 4771 citations, 75 full-text articles were retrieved and fully assessed; 15 of these studies met all inclusion criteria [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. A list of the 60 excluded studies following full-text review, with reasons for exclusion, is presented in Table S2.…”