Effect of Chemically Treated / Untreated Carbon Cloth: Potential Use as Electrode Materials in the Capacitive Deionization Process of Desalination of Aqueous Salt Solution

Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) process is a novel approach for desalination of an aqueous salt solution. In the present study, an activated carbon cloth (ACC) is proposed as effective electrode material. Initially the carbon cloth was activated in 1 M and 8 M HNO 3 for 9 hours at room temperature. The untreated and chemically activated carbon cloth (ACC) electrode materials were subjected to BET surface area measurements in order to get information about their specific surface area, average pore size, total pore volume and micropore area. The above materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) also. The electrochemical studies for the electrodes were done using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 medium. From the studies, it was found that resistivity of the activated carbon cloth electrodes (treated in 1 M and 8 M HNO 3 ) was decreased significantly by the chemical oxidation in nitric acid at room temperature and its capacitance was found to be 90 F/g (1 M HNO 3 ) and 154 F/g (8 M HNO 3 ) respectively in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 solution. The capacitive deionization behavior of a single cell CDI with activated carbon cloth electrodes was also studied and reported in this work.

Ceramic Soil Microbial Fuel Cells Sensors for Early Detection of Eutrophication

“…The power production in CSMFC is similar to other ceramic [31] and membrane-less sediment MFC [24,33] in freshwater, but lower than in seawater [33], further indicating that ohmic limitations are important in the system. Despite having different exposed electrode areas, similar values would be expected with both materials, as the specific surface area is larger for graphite felt (22,,700 m −1 [34]) than carbon cloth (675 m −2 [35]). The porosity of graphite felt could have facilitated bacterial attachment that would block the electrode active sites and consume oxygen.…”

Ample Lewis Acidic Sites in Mg2B2O5 Facilitate N2 Electroreduction through Bonding–Antibonding Interactions

“…A quantitative amount of the Mg 2 B 2 O 5 catalyst (10 mg) was dispersed in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol (1 mL) and ultrasonicated for 30 min. Before modifying the (1 × 1) cm 2 CC with the as-prepared ink, it was properly cleaned with nitric acid followed by subsequent water washing until pH-neutral following the conventional method to obtain the activated CC, 30 which was hence drop-casted with 0.5 mg cm −2 of the catalyst ink. This mass loading was maintained throughout the study.…”