Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in South East Queensland schools

Parisi, Alfio V.; Meldrum, Lennox R.; Wong, Joe; Aitken, Joanne F.; Fleming, Robert A.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0781.2000.160106.x

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This has been accounted for in past research to determine annual exposures (28,29,30,31,32). The methodology of Vishvakarman and Wong (28) is modified for this research that assumes an annual UVE exposure is accrued by the summation of exposures received during normal working days in which the individual spends 1.5 hours traveling to, from and at work daily, and receives between 4 to 6 hours exposure during weekends and annual leave periods.…”

Section: Estimates Of Annual Uve Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: An assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the Northern and Southern hemispheres

Downs

Parisi

Schouten

2011

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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This study investigates the influence of tee time to determine the relative basal cell carcinoma (BCC) exposure calculations was used to determine BCC and SCC risk factors for golfers using a regular weekly tee time. Relative risk was found to be proportional to golf tee time with mid morning tee times generally presenting the greatest risk in each latitude range. The greatest contribution toward the risk of developing basal and squamous cell carcinoma was found to occur for golfers beginning weekly rounds mid to late morning, with specific risk factors of 1.47 (BCC) and 1.98 (SCC) in the Northern hemisphere compared with similar maximum risk factors of 1.51 (BCC) and 2.08 (SCC) in the Southern hemisphere occurring at comparable morning tee times.Differences in annual UVE exposure between the golfer and non-golfer were the largest determinant of BCC and SCC risk. Generally, these risks were found to decrease with lower latitude although contribution toward overall risk was influenced strongly by the global time zone of each studied golf course site.3

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Section: Estimates Of Annual Uve Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: An assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the Northern and Southern hemispheres

Downs

Parisi

Schouten

2011

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…Parisi et al. (20) utilized personal diaries and full body manikins to estimate cumulative exposure to children in south‐east Queensland. Personal PS badges have been employed to measure shade use by primary school children (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in the Received Facial UV Exposure of School Children Measured at a Subtropical Latitude

Downs

Parisi

2007

Photochem & Photobiology

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Polysulfone (PS) dosimeters have been employed to measure the erythemally effective UV exposure to the vertex, nose, cheek, chin and side facial sites of 45 volunteer high school students from Hervey Bay, Australia (25.3°S 152.9°E). The results of a series of 1 h outdoor sport trials (basketball and soccer) found the mean student facial exposure, determined as the arithmetic average of facial site exposures of unprotected students (no hat) to protected students (hat), varied from 140 ± 82 J m−2 (1σ) to 99 ± 33 J m−2 (1σ), respectively. All hourly student facial exposures recorded over the study period were found to exceed the National Health and Medical Research Council’s adopted safe daily limit of 30 J m−2. Facial exposure relative to the received ambient UV increased to the nose at higher (winter) solar zenith angles (SZAs) compared with lower (summer) SZA ranges for both protected and unprotected students. The protection offered by the broad‐brimmed hats was reduced significantly to the lower chin facial site at the higher SZA range, indicating that the style of hat used offers best protection in summer to the upper facial regions at most risk of receiving a high exposure when no hat protection is used. Variations to specific student facial exposure sites were measured between both basketball and soccer players. Variation in student facial exposure was further examined with respect to cloud cover and comparisons to manikin headform measurements were also made. The study results indicate that hats alone are not adequate forms of sun protection in a school environment. Schools aiming to achieve acceptable safe limits of facial exposure may need to further consider the effectiveness of hat protection with increasing SZA, cloud cover and head position relative to the sun that is specific to the scheduled outdoor activity.

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“…int./phe/uv). 1 Dosimeter studies of UV exposure have been done worldwide but none have compared children and adults over month during daily life and vacation that could clarify if the age ratio of lifetime UV exposure was true (Slaper, 1987;Diffey et al, 1996;Gies et al, 1998;Kimlin et al, 1998;Moise et al, 1999;Parisi et al, 2000;Guy et al, 2003). Based on daily outdoor activity profiles in US and ambient UV measurements, Godar (2001) and Godar et al (2001Godar et al ( , 2003 recently estimated the annual UV dose to be very stable during life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Proportion of Lifetime UV Dose Received by Children, Teenagers and Adults Based on Time-Stamped Personal Dosimetry

Thieden

Philipsen

Sandby-Møller

et al. 2004

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Ultraviolet (UV) reduction campaigns since 1986 were based on the estimation that individuals get 80% of their cumulative lifetime UV dose by the age of 18. To investigate if this estimation is true, we compared annual UV doses received during life in 164 Danish volunteers: children, teenagers, indoor workers, and golfers (age range 4-67 y) who recorded sun exposure behavior in diaries and carried personal UV dosimeters, measuring time-stamped UV doses. The annual UV dose did not significantly correlate with age but the variation in annual UV dose was high (median 166 SED (standard erythema dose), 95% range: 37-551 SED). The annual UV dose did correlate with days with risk behavior (sunbathing/exposing upper body) (r=0.51, p<0.001) and in adults also with hours performing outdoor sports (r=0.39, p<0.001), gardening, and sun-bed sessions (r=0.26, p=0.02). Teenagers had significantly more days with risk behavior than adults (21 vs 13 d, p=0.006) but not than children (15 d). No differences in UV dose among the age groups were found on workdays. Only 25% of the lifetime UV dose was received before the age of 20 and the annual UV dose was thus independent of age. Reduction of cumulative lifetime UV dose could be obtained by minimizing risk behavior.

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Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in South East Queensland schools

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: An assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the Northern and Southern hemispheres

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: An assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the Northern and Southern hemispheres

Patterns in the Received Facial UV Exposure of School Children Measured at a Subtropical Latitude

Proportion of Lifetime UV Dose Received by Children, Teenagers and Adults Based on Time-Stamped Personal Dosimetry

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