Effect of Chinese medicinal herbal residues on microbial community succession and anti-pathogenic properties during co-composting with food waste

Zhou, Ying; Selvam, Ammaiyappan; Wong, Jonathan W C

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.080

Cited by 74 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The loss of ammonia nitrogen is not only related to the activity of key enzymes; it is also heavily influenced by the microbial community. Previous research reports that carbon source amendment influences microbial communities and, subsequently, the composting process of sewage sludge; therefore, it is essential to assess the microbial population during the co‐composting process of sewage sludge and cassava residue . The taxonomic distributions for the bacterial samples were determined at the class and order level (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact cassava residue on ammonia emission and microbial communities during sewage sludge cocomposting process

Chen

Liao

Zhao

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In this study, the impacts of cassava residue as a bulking agent and carbon source on sewage sludge composting were evaluated in lab‐scale reactors. Three composting experiments were carried out with different ratios of sewage sludge and cassava residues: R1 (400 g sewage sludge), R2 (375 g sewage sludge, 25 g cassava residue), and R3 (350 g sewage sludge, 50 g cassava residue). Compared to the R1 reactor, the temperature of R2 and R3 increased rapidly. The cumulative ammonia emission of R1 was 597.14 mg L−1, while R2 and R3 were 347.59 and 451.06 mg L−1, respectively. Therefore, cassava residue could be used to reduce NH3 emission during sludge composting. Furthermore, the maximum protease activates (observed on day 10) for R1, R2, and R3 were 24.61, 31.78, and 36.12 U g−1, respectively. The maximum urease activities for R1, R2, and R3 was recorded as 20.05 U g−1 (day 5), 12.53 U g−1 (day 5), and 15.93 U g−1 (day 10). Addition of cassava residue also contributed to positive shifts in the bacterial community. High‐throughput sequencing analysis showed that in the R2 reactor, Actinobacteria was present in relatively high abundance. Actinobacteria positively correlates with TN and has the effect of biological nitrogen fixation. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1901–1907, 2018

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact cassava residue on ammonia emission and microbial communities during sewage sludge cocomposting process

Chen

Liao

Zhao

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The toxicity regression equation of the inhibition rate against the log 10 concentrations of cyprodinil and fenhexamid was calculated though SAS PROC REG (version 9.1, SAS institute, Cary, NC). Inhibition rate (%) = (colony diameter of control treatment – colony diameter of fungicide treatment)/(colony diameter of control treatment – 5-mm hyphal disk diameter) ( Zhou et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and Resistance-Related Genes Analysis of Botrytis cinerea B05.10 Strain to Different Selective Pressures of Cyprodinil and Fenhexamid

et al. 2018

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The pathogen Botrytis cinerea is a very dangerous pathogen that infects many economically important crops such as grape, strawberry, tomato, and eggplant. Cyprodinil, a pyrimidine amine fungicide, and fenhexamid, an amide fungicide, are new reagents for controlling gray mold with special efficacy. It is necessary to understand the change trends in the toxicological and physiological characteristics of B. cinerea with successive selective pressures of cyprodinil and fenhexamid to elongate the serving life of these fungicides for effective disease control. The toxicities of cyprodinil and fenhexamid at successive concentrations of EC25, EC50 and EC75 on B. cinerea strain BO5.10 were assayed along with mycelial growth-inhibition capacity. The results showed that the EC50 value of the cyprodinil-treated F27 strain increased approximately 18-fold, whereas of which in the fenhexamid-treated F27 strain increased only 3-fold compared with that of the F0 strain. The conductivities and glycerinum contents of the strains resistant to cyprodinil and fenhexamid were obviously enhanced; in contrast, the oxalic acid contents were decreased compared with those in the F0 strain. The transcriptomes of the F27 control (T01), cyprodinil-treated (T02) and fenhexamid- treated (T03) strains were analyzed, and the expression levels of functional genes in the T02 and T03 strains were significantly increased compared with those in the T01 strain; these results were further validated using qRT-PCR. The results indicated that the relative expression of two genes encoding mixed-functional oxidases (MFOs) BC1G_16062 and BC1G_16084, two genes encoding transmembrane proteins BC1G_12366 and BC1G_13768, two genes encoding Zinc finger proteins BC1G_13764 and BC1G_10483,one gene encoding citrate synthase enzyme BC1G_09151, one gene encoding gluconolactonase BC1G_15612 in the T02 and T03 strains and one gene encoding lysophospholipids enzyme BC1G_04893 in the T3 strain increased substantially compared with that in the T1 strain (P < 0.01). Functional prediction analysis of upregulated gene expression and structural verification was also performed, and the results showed that BC1G_10483 was a ZnF_C2HC transcriptional regulator interacting with the Sp1 element of these genes to respond to the pressures from cyprodinil and fenhexamid. Our results could contribute to a better understanding of the resistance mechanism of B. cinerea against cyprodinil and fenhexamid.

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“…Herb residues are by-products of TCM materials extracted by water or ethanol, and ~30-50% of the medically active ingredients remain inaccessible (9). The microorganism fermentation theory in TCM suggests that digestive enzymes, including cellulase, protease, pectinase, lignin and lipase, produced by microorganisms may effectively degrade plant cell walls, expand the intercellular region and improve the yield of extraction of active ingredients (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic effect of herb residue fermentation supernatant on spleen‑deficient mice

et al. 2017

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To minimize the waste of active ingredients present in herb residues, in the present study, probiotics of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus plantarum M3 were selected to reuse herb residues from Jianweixiaoshi tablets, and the therapeutic effects of the herb residue fermentation supernatant were evaluated using a spleen‑deficient mouse model. The results of the present study indicated that the fermentation supernatant may effectively improve the immunity of mice, as measured by body weight, spleen and thymus index, and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‑2, IL‑4 and interferon‑γ. The viable cell count and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis results indicated that the fermentation supernatant markedly enhanced bacterial diversity and the number of lactobacilli in mouse intestines. Therefore, the combination of the Jianweixiaoshi herb residue and probiotics provided a novel method to reuse herb residues and may in the future contribute to the treatment of spleen deficiency.

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Effect of Chinese medicinal herbal residues on microbial community succession and anti-pathogenic properties during co-composting with food waste

Cited by 74 publications

References 33 publications

Impact cassava residue on ammonia emission and microbial communities during sewage sludge cocomposting process

Impact cassava residue on ammonia emission and microbial communities during sewage sludge cocomposting process

Transcriptome and Resistance-Related Genes Analysis of Botrytis cinerea B05.10 Strain to Different Selective Pressures of Cyprodinil and Fenhexamid

Therapeutic effect of herb residue fermentation supernatant on spleen‑deficient mice

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