Effect of chip thickness, wood cross-sections, and cutting speed on surface roughness and cutting power during up-milling of beech wood

Abstract

The aim of the conducted experiments was to determine the effect of selected machining parameters on power consumption and surface quality obtained during the milling of beech wood using a computerized numerical control woodworking machine. Surface roughness was tested using the contact roughness measurement method, while roughness parameters Ra and Rz were recorded and cutting energy was determined. Tests were conducted for two variants of cutting speed (7.5 and 15 m·s-1) as well as three variants of chip thickness (0.10, 0.06, and 0.02 mm); additionally, the tests examined different cross-sections of wood. It was found that greater chip thickness and feed speed caused an increase in surface roughness and cutting power. In turn, cutting speed had no effect on surface roughness, whereas its increase resulted in increased cutting power. Surface roughness at the radial and tangential cross-sections was comparable, while it was greater at the transverse cross-section. It was also found that cutting power was lowest at the radial cross-section, while it was greater at the tangential and the greatest at the transverse cross-section.

Comparison of Surface Roughness of Beech Wood after Sanding with an Eccentric and Belt Sander

“…In recent years, the measurement of surface roughness has mainly been carried out in accordance with previous technical standards [21][22][23]. This led to the use of names for individual parameters of irregularities and procedures for their measurement.…”

“…The inclusion of other parameters in the measurement is very essential because each parameter defines inequality in a different way. In recent years, the measurement of surface roughness has mainly been carried out in accordance with previous technical standards [21][22][23]. This led to the use of names for individual parameters of irregularities and procedures for their measurement.…”

A Stratified Characterization of Surface Quality of Beech Processed by Profile Milling

“…Costes and Larricq [15] stated that the quality of beech, when routed on a CNC machine, improves with an increase in the cutting speed. Piernik et al [16] concluded that an increase in the feed speed and the chip thickness increases the surface roughness of beech milled by CNC, while the cutting speed had no effect on surface roughness, but just on the cutting power.…”