Effect of Chitosan on Renal Function in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Sang, Jing; Leishi, LI; Daxi, Ji; Takiguchi, Yasuyuki; Yamaguchi, Tatsuaki

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1997.tb06099.x

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…14,15 The deacetylation of chitin to form chitosan increases the positive charge density on the molecule, permitting it to form these bonds. 14 Studies in rats, 16,17 and in humans 11,12 suggest that dietary chitosan increases bile acid excretion and decreases plasma cholesterol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then looked at published studies in humans, where a significant drop in blood cholesterol was observed with chitosan use at effective doses ranging from 1.35 to 3.0 g daily. 11,12 This suggested to us that an effective dose, if one existed, might be at the high end of the intake suggested by the manufacturer and the distributor. Therefore, we instructed subjects to take a total of 15 capsules daily (5.25 g chitosan=day).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan supplementation does not affect fat absorption in healthy males fed a high-fat diet, a pilot study

Gades

Stern

2002

Int J Obes

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BACKGROUND:The use of dietary supplements, especially those for weight control, is increasing. Advertising claims for some of these supplements may give consumers unrealistic expectations. For example, it is claimed that the supplement chitosan can block the absorption of up to 120 g of dietary fat per day. OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of a chitosan supplement used as directed, on the absorption of dietary fat. DESIGN: Seven healthy male volunteers with average age 28, range 23 -30, average body mass index (BMI) 26, range 23 -31, maintained a high fat intake ( > 120 g=day) for 12 days. On days 6 -9, chitosan was taken as directed by the manufacturer prior to meals and snacks and totaled 15 capsules or 5.25 g of chitosan daily. A charcoal marker was consumed on days 2, 6 and 10 to mark the baseline and supplement periods. All feces were collected on days 2 -12, and were divided based on the appearance of charcoal in the feces. Fecal fat content corresponding to the four baseline and four chitosan-supplemented days was measured. RESULTS: Average dietary fat intake did not differ between baseline (135 AE 5 g), and chitosan (135 AE 3 g) periods. Fecal fat excretion did not differ between the two periods (6.9 AE 1.0 g=day baseline; 6.8 AE 0.4 g=day chitosan). The fecal fat content as a percentage of fat consumed did not differ (5.1 AE 0.7% baseline, 5.0 AE 0.3% chitosan). Fecal mass did not differ (176 AE 26 g=day baseline, 182 AE 14 g=day chitosan). CONCLUSION: Consumption of this chitosan supplement did not increase fecal fat content and therefore did not block fat absorption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan supplementation does not affect fat absorption in healthy males fed a high-fat diet, a pilot study

Gades

Stern

2002

Int J Obes

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“…In a study involving 40 patients with renal failure undergoing haemodialysis treatment, administration of chitosan (1350 mg, twice a day), resulted in the reduction in total serum cholesterol levels (10.4p4.4 to 5.82p2.19 m) with an increase in serum haemoglobin levels (58.2p12.1 to 68.0p9.0 g L − 1 ), but a significant reduction in urea and creatinine levels in serum were observed after 4 weeks of chitosan administration (Jing et al 1997), suggesting the potential application of the polymer in treating patients with renal failure. Okamoto et al (1995) analysed the accelerating effects of open wound healing by chitin and chitosan in dogs.…”

Section: Renal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan: some pharmaceutical and biological aspects - an update

Singla

Chawla

2001

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

704

363

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Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, is being widely used as a pharmaceutical excipient. It is obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin, the second most abundant natural polymer.Chitosan comprises a series of polymers varying in their degree of deacetylation, molecular weight, viscosity, pKa etc. The presence of a number of amino groups permit chitosan to chemically react with anionic systems, thereby resulting in alteration of physicochemical characteristics of such combinations.Chitosan has found wide applicability in conventional pharmaceutical devices as a potential formulation excipient, some of which include binding, disintegrating and tablet coating properties. The polymer has also been investigated as a potential adjuvant for swellable controlled drug delivery systems. Use of chitosan in novel drug delivery as mucoadhesive, gene and peptide drug administration via the oral route as well as its absorption enhancing effects have been explored by a number of researchers.Chitosan exhibits myriad biological actions, namely hypocholesterolemic, antimicrobial and wound healing properties. Low toxicity coupled with wide applicability makes it a promising candidate not only for the purpose of drug delivery for a host of drug moieties (antiinflammatories, peptides etc.) but also as a biologically active agent.It is the endeavour of the present review to provide an insight into the biological and pharmaceutical profile of chitosan. Various investigations carried out recently are reported, although references to research performed on chitosan prior to the recent reviews have also been included, where appropriate.

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“…For example, due to its cicatrizant properties it has been used as a component in all types of dressing, surgical sutures, dental implants and in rebuilding bones and gums [15]. Chitosan is also helpful in kidney failure as it binds with toxins in the digestive tract thereby leading to their excretion [11].…”

Section: Ultra-pure Grade For Biopharmaceutical Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%