Effect of chlorhexidine pretreatment on bacterial contamination at rhinoplasty field

Abstract

BackgroundThis study investigated on bacterial contamination of the rhinoplasty field. The effect of preoperative chlorhexidine treatment on decreasing bacterial contamination in the rhinoplasty field is examined. MethodsThirty patients who underwent rhinoplasty were block randomized into a chlorhexidine, regular-soap, or control group comprising ten participants each. The chlorhexidine group was subjected to chlorhexidine showering, shampooing, and facial-cleansing 12 h prior to the operation. The regular-soap group was subjected to cleansing with regular soap, and the control group did not have any skin pretreatment. Bacterial cultures were done 12 h preoperatively from nasal cavity and perinasal skin, immediately preoperatively from perinasal skin and at 1 and 2 h intraoperatively from operation field. Culture results were compared between the three groups, according to operation time, or whether infection-prone procedure was performed.ResultsThe bacterial species and colony-forming unit numbers at preoperative nasal cavity and perinasal skin were similar. In all three groups, Coagulase-negative staphylococcus was the most common bacteria found in the rhinoplasty field. The numbers of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium decreased rapidly after preoperative chlorhexidine treatment. The infection-prone procedure was associated with increased bacterial numbers over time during the operation. In all three groups, there was no postoperative infection in a follow-up period of 6 months.ConclusionRhinoplasty is confirmed as a clean contaminated operation with skin flora consistently found in the operation field. Chlorhexidine pretreatment in rhinoplasty patients has a tendency to decrease the numbers of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium on the perinasal skin.Level of evidenceRandomized controlled trial, Level I.

Klebsiella Aerogenes Infection on the Costochondral Graft of the Nose

“…The transseptal suturing technique can also make bacterial alteration and bacteremia occurrence, and life-threatening infectious complications (eg, toxic shock syndrome) can rarely occur 6 . Although rhinoplasty is consistently confirmed as a clean-contaminated surgery with skin flora, the use of appropriate antiseptic pretreatment tends to reduce the numbers of S. aureus and Corynebacterium on the perinasal skin 7 . Preoperative screening using repeated nasal swab cultures, followed by appropriate antibiotics and topical antibiotic decolonization, can also reduce perioperative infection in septorhinoplasty 8 …”

Validation of three different sterilization methods of Tilapia skin dressing: impact on microbiological enumeration and collagen content

“…Chlorhexidine and povidone iodine are routinely used for sterilization and disinfection of grafting procedures as they are effective against Gramnegative, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and kills by disruption of the cell membrane [11,[19][20][21][22]. In addition, silver nanoparticles have long been known as an antimicrobial agent and are used as silver-containing wound dressings and for disinfection of the wound graft [13,23].…”

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“…Chlorhexidine and povidone iodine are routinely used for sterilization and disinfection of grafting procedures as they are effective against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and kill by disruption of the cell membrane (17,(25)(26)(27)(28). Silver nanoparticles have long been known as an antimicrobial agent and are used as silver-containing wound dressings and for disinfection of the wound graft (19,29).…”