Effect of Chronic Resistance Training on Circulating Irisin: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cosio, Pedro L.; Crespo-Posadas, Manuel; Velarde-Sotres, Álvaro; Peláez, Mireia

doi:10.3390/ijerph18052476

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The current findings are generally consistent with prior reviews [18,86,[91][92][93] in that the effects of physical exercise on blood irisin levels vary. Although prior reviews describe the positive effects of both acute and chronic (long-term) effects of physical exercise, they also point to mixed results and the overall lack of evidence [18].…”

Section: Agreements and Disagreements With Other Studies Or Reviewssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Especially, the older adult female population would benefit from this protective effect as they are prone to osteoporosis. Cosio et al [86] and Morteza et al [87] also showed greater increases of circulating irisin in older adults after resistance training programs. It would also be worth investigating the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES; a passive type of exercise) protocols, such as in the study by Jandova et al [88], on circulating irisin, which could offer an alternative mode of exercising for people with difficulties maintaining a physically active life.…”

Section: Summary Of Main Results and Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Long-Term Effect of Exercise on Irisin Blood Levels—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Physical exercise may activate a number of important biochemical processes in the human body. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the long-term effect of physical activity on irisin blood levels. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles addressing the long-term effect of physical exercise on irisin blood levels. Fifty-nine articles were included in the final qualitative and quantitative syntheses. A statistically significant within-group effect of exercise on irisin blood levels was in 33 studies; out of them, the irisin level increased 23× and decreased 10×. The significant positive between-groups effect was found 11×. Furthermore, the meta-analysis indicated that physical exercise had a significant positive effect on irisin blood levels (SMD = 0.39 (95% CI 0.27–0.52)). Nevertheless, considerably high heterogeneity was found in all the analyses. This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that physical exercise might increase irisin blood levels; however, the results of individual studies were considerably inconsistent, which questions the methodological detection of irisin by ELISA kits.

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Section: Agreements and Disagreements With Other Studies Or Reviewssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Summary Of Main Results and Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Long-Term Effect of Exercise on Irisin Blood Levels—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…In humans, FNDC5 is predominantly expressed in muscle tissue, and its expression patterns establish a few primary predictors of circulating irisin, such as muscle mass and age (23). Therefore, increased muscle tissue due to a resistance training program could be a way to increase circulating irisin levels, and these observations are substantiated by studies showing an increase in circulating irisin levels after aerobic and resistance exercise sessions (24,25). Furthermore, lower circulating irisin levels in older people have been noted because human muscle tissue mass decreases annually after 50 years of age (26).…”

Section: Irisinmentioning

confidence: 95%

Irisin, Exercise, and COVID-19

Alves,

Lomba,

Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Muscle and adipose tissue produce irisin during exercise. Irisin is thermogenic adipomyokine, improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and ameliorates the effects of obesity-driven inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. In addition, exercise-induced irisin activates anti-inflammatory pathways and may play an essential role in improving the outcomes of inflammatory conditions, such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 infection can activate different intracellular receptors and modulate various pathways during the course of the disease. The cytokine release storm (CRS) produced is significant because it promotes the context for systemic inflammation, which increases the risk of mortality in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). In addition, viral infection and the resulting organ damage may stimulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/toll interleukin receptor (TIR)-domain-containing adaptor (MyD88) pathways while negatively modulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, leading to increased inflammatory cytokine production. Exercise-induced irisin may counteract this inflammatory modulation by decreasing cytokine production. Consequently, increased irisin levels, as found in healthy patients, may favor a better prognosis in patients with SARS-CoV2. This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of irisin in mitigating CRS and preventing severe outcomes due to infection with SARS-CoV2.

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“…Irisin is a myokine, cleaved as a peptide hormone of 112 amino acids from fibronectin type III domain containing 5 in skeletal muscle and secreted during aerobic exercise[ 32 ]. Irisin is positively correlated with an active lifestyle and vigorous intensity physical activity[ 32 ]. Both aerobic and resistance exercise are associated with high irisin levels, especially in older age groups[ 32 ].…”

Section: Newer Perspectives On Exercise Protection In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irisin is positively correlated with an active lifestyle and vigorous intensity physical activity[ 32 ]. Both aerobic and resistance exercise are associated with high irisin levels, especially in older age groups[ 32 ]. Irisin is involved in muscle hypertrophy and controls energy levels in muscle, participates in glucose homeostasis and browning of white adipose tissue, and has been implicated in exercise-induced neuroprotection as it is highly expressed in the brain[ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Newer Perspectives On Exercise Protection In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Too hard to die: Exercise training mediates specific and immediate SARS-CoV-2 protection

Papadopoulos¹,

Sutheesophon²,

Aw³

2022

WJV

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Several mechanisms may explain how exercise training mechanistically confers protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here we propose two new perspectives through which cardiorespiratory fitness may protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Physical exercise-activated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling induces endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS), increases NO bio-availability, and inhibits palmitoylation, leading to specific and immediate SARS-CoV-2 protection. AMPK signaling also induces angiotensin 1-7 release and enhances eNOS activation thus further mediating cardio- and reno-protection. Irisin, a myokine released from skeletal muscles during aerobic exercise, also participates in the AMPK/Akt-eNOS/NO pathway, protects mitochondrial functions in endothelial cells, and antagonizes renin angiotensin system proinflammatory action leading to reductions in genes associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes. Collectively, all the above findings point to the fact that increased AMPK and irisin activity through exercise training greatly benefits molecular processes that mediate specific, immediate, and delayed SARS-CoV-2 protection. Maintaining regular physical activity levels is a safe and affordable lifestyle strategy against the current and future pandemics and may also mitigate against obesity and cardiometabolic disease syndemics. Move more because a moving target is harder to kill.

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Effect of Chronic Resistance Training on Circulating Irisin: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 30 publications

References 65 publications

Long-Term Effect of Exercise on Irisin Blood Levels—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Long-Term Effect of Exercise on Irisin Blood Levels—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Irisin, Exercise, and COVID-19

Too hard to die: Exercise training mediates specific and immediate SARS-CoV-2 protection

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