Effect of cigarette butt on concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate: health and ecological risk assessment

Torkashvand, Javad; Godini, Kazem; Norouzi, Samira; Gholami, Mitra; Yeganeh, Mojtaba; Farzadkia, Mahdi

doi:10.1007/s40201-021-00621-0

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, the emission of polluting gases is a serious concern in using the incineration for managing cigarette butts 5 . Also, the presence of cigarette butts in landfilled municipal solid waste will increase pollutants, including heavy metals, in landfill leachate 7 . The increase in landfill leachate pollution will increase the costs of leachate treatment and management.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollution leakage is one of the main problems in cigarette butt management. The pollution in cigarette smoke trapped in the cigarette filter during smoking and causes the cigarette butt to contain various pollutants 7 , 8 . Heavy metals are one of the known pollutants in cigarette butts that leak into the environment and can enter the food chain 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the toxicity for various organisms, pollutant leakage from cigarette butts can cause pollute of water sources and increase the concentration of pollutants in landfills leachate. For example, it has been reported that an increase of 1% of cigarette butts in the landfilled waste caused a 3.7% increase in the concentration of some metals in the leachate 7 . The possibility of ingestion of cigarette butts by pets and infants, as well as the possibility of fire, are other consequences of cigarette butts littering 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sporadic presence of littered cigarette butts in the urban environment has caused the reduction of its collection efficiency, so cigarette butt littering is a serious challenge in urban waste management 5,6 .Pollution leakage is one of the main problems in cigarette butt management. The pollution in cigarette smoke trapped in the cigarette filter during smoking and causes the cigarette butt to contain various pollutants 7,8 . Heavy metals are one of the known pollutants in cigarette butts that leak into the environment and can enter the food chain 9 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variation of CBPI and leakage of heavy metals from cigarette butts into the urban environment

Darabi

Hassani

Alinejad

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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More than 5 trillion cigarettes are produced in the world every year. This hazardous waste is one of the most important litter in the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the density and dispersion of cigarette butts in the urban environment and to estimate the leakage of pollution from it to the environment. For this purpose, the cigarette butt pollution index was used in 14 locations. Observations were made during a year and once a month for each location. The study of the locations was done with the same conditions on weekend and working days. The amount of heavy metal leakage was estimated based on the average weight of cigarette butts and the ratio of metal leakage in different weather conditions. The results showed that the annual average of index for the studied locations was 1.36 (SD 0.11) to 10.6 (SD 1.23). Based on this, 28.5% of the locations were in the low pollution status and 42.8% were in the significant pollution status and worse. On average, the index on weekend decreased by 32.3 percent in all locations, and the average index of the studied locations in spring and summer was 26.2 percent higher than in autumn and winter. The average leakage of heavy metals including chromium, cadmium, zinc, lead, copper, and nickel from littered cigarette butts in commercial, residential, and recreational areas was estimated to be 0.27, 0.079, and 0.17 µg per square meter, respectively. Cigarette butt is one of the most abundant litter in the studied area, which is the source of many pollutants, including heavy metals. This hazardous waste is a serious threat to the urban environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variation of CBPI and leakage of heavy metals from cigarette butts into the urban environment

Darabi

Hassani

Alinejad

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Although some studies have been conducted on human health and ecological risks assessment of leachate (Baderna et al 2011 ; Ghosh et al 2015 ; Parvin and Tareq 2021 ; Torkashvand et al 2021 ), no study has focused on the effect of HHW diversion on leachate quality, public health, and ecological risks. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate HHW diversion effects on the leachate quality, pollution index, as well as human health and ecological risk of leaked leachate to the groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the consequences of household hazardous waste diversion on public health and ecological risks of leachate exposure

Arbastan

Gitipour

2022

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Household hazardous waste (HHW) includes approximately 1% of municipal solid waste (MSW), which is related to the lack of efficient separate collection schemes co-disposed with MSW in many countries worldwide. In this research, the effect of HHW diversion on leachate quality and consequent reduction in risks to the environment and human health was investigated. In this regard, physicochemical parameters of MSW leachate samples with and without hazardous fraction were characterized. Next, leachate pollution index (LPI) and associated risks were assessed. The results showed that the source separation of HHW decreases the LPI value by 13.48% and improves the potential of leachate for biological treatment, leading to a reduction in leachate treatment costs and complexity. Based on risk assessment results, HHW diversion could lower cancer risks of organic compounds and heavy metals to acceptable levels for adults and children. Moreover, by the source-separating of HHW, hazard indices for aquatic and terrestrial bioassays reduced by 41.5 and 36%, respectively. Furthermore, despite the comparatively low generated amount of HHW, this fraction should be emphasized due to its unintended effects for public health and the environment.

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Impact of Landfill Leachate on Ground Water Quality: A Review

Gupta,

Verma,

Rajamani

2024

Springer Water

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Effect of cigarette butt on concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate: health and ecological risk assessment

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Spatial and temporal variation of CBPI and leakage of heavy metals from cigarette butts into the urban environment

Spatial and temporal variation of CBPI and leakage of heavy metals from cigarette butts into the urban environment

Evaluating the consequences of household hazardous waste diversion on public health and ecological risks of leachate exposure

Impact of Landfill Leachate on Ground Water Quality: A Review

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