Effect of cigarette smoking on high density lipoprotein phospholipids

Hegarty, Karen M.; Turgiss, Lynn E.; Mulligan, John J.; Cluette, Joanne E.; Kew, Richard R.; Stack, David J.; Hojnacki, Jerome L.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(82)91961-1

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Recent evidence from clinical trials involving weight combined with either smoking cessation 28) or sodium restriction 29) suggests that the strength of individual treatment effects are sometimes lower when there are multiple treatment objects. For example, emphasis on smoking cessation might adversely affect weight control efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relation of Body Weight Change to Changes in Atherogenic Traits. A Study of Middle-Aged Japanese Obese Male Office Workers.

Nakanishi

Nakamura

Suzuki³

et al. 2000

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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Abstract:We examined the effect of body weight change on the modification of atherogenic risk factors in 296 middle-aged obese male office workers without medication for hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia or diabetes mellitus. During a 1-year education program, 39.2% of the participants could reduce their weight, and the percentage of those who lost 2 kg or more was only 17.7%. Concomitant with the decrease of weight, however, the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid and hemoglobin A 1c and the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol decreased significantly, whereas the HDL cholesterol level increased significantly. In a multivariate regression analysis, in addition to the initial risk-factor level, weight change was an important factor determining the changes in atherogenic risk factors. Changes in alcohol consumption were significantly associated with the changes in systolic blood pressure and HDL cholesterol levels. Changes in cigarettes smoking also showed significant associations with the changes in triglyceride level and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol. These results suggest that although the education program for controlling weight may have limited success, weight reduction exhibits beneficial changes in the atherogenic risk-factor profile in middle-aged obese men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for cigarette smoking, many studies have noted an inverse relationship between cigarette smoking and HDL cholesterol levels [27][28][29] . The triglyceride level in whole serum and a very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction have been also found to increase with cigarette smoking 28) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Body Weight Change to Changes in Atherogenic Traits. A Study of Middle-Aged Japanese Obese Male Office Workers.

Nakanishi

Nakamura

Suzuki³

et al. 2000

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…In terms of the initiating factors, several factors could be evolved. Carbon monoxide, nicotine, and oxidants present in cigarette smoke have all been implicated in causing alterations of arterial wall function and alterations in body functions associated with smoking (17,18). In terms of consequences, an increase in contractility to vasoactive stimuli could contribute to the increase in coronary artery disease associated with cigarette smoking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Canine Coronary Arteries Produced by Chronic Cigarette Smoking

Cox

Santamore

Tulenko

1986

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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Segments of left circumflex coronary artery were obtained from beagles that had been exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 years and from nonsmoking controls. A ring sample from each was used to determine passive (0-Ca2+ and 2 mA4 EGTA) and active (75 mM K+) force-length relations. Other contiguous samples were used to determine collagen and elastin content, water content and distribution, and total electrolyte content. No significant differences were found in passive mechanical properties or the collagen and elastin content of arteries from the two groups of animals. Maximum values of active force development were found to be increased in arteries from smoking dogs as were values on the ascending part of the active force-length curve. Total water content and the distribution space of an extracellular marker (60C~-EDTA) were not significantly different among arteries from the two groups. This along with the similarity of total electrolyte contents suggests that values of cell volume were not different between the two groups and that the above differences in active force development represent alterations in smooth muscle cells at the subcellular level. These results suggest that the contribution of chronic smoking as one of a group of cardiac risk factors may be due to an effect of augmenting coronary artery smooth muscle Contractility.

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“…Smoking has an indirect effect on lipoprotein metabolism by influencing lipoprotein lipase, which is an important factor in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism ( 22 ). Smoking reduces the antiatherogenic effect of HDL by reducing the concentration of this lipoprotein ( 23 ). In the present study as well, a significantly lower HDL concentration in heavy smokers than in non-smokers (42.91±8.22 and 47.34±9.32, respectively; p=0.002) is consistent with currently available data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of heart rate recovery index in heavy smokers

Erat¹,

Doğan²,

Sunman³

et al. 2015

Anatol J Cardiol

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Objective:Cigarette smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular events. The heart rate recovery index (HRRI) is an indicator of autonomous nervous system function and is an independent prognostic risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate HRRI in heavy smokers.Methods:A total of 179 apparently healthy subjects (67 non-smokers as the control group and 112 heavy smokers) were enrolled into this prospective cross-sectional study. The presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and known cardiac or non-cardiac diseases was specified as the exclusion criteria. Heavy cigarette smoking was defined as the consumption of more than one packet of cigarette per day. All subjects underwent the maximal Bruce treadmill test. HRRIs of the heavy cigarette smoker group at 1, 2, 3, and 5 min after maximal exercise were calculated and compared to those of the control group. Student t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance were used for statistical analysis.Results:The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, except for body mass index and high-density lipoprotein level. HRRIs at 1, 2, 3, and 5 min after maximal exercise were found to be significantly lower in the heavy smoker group (HRRI1: 26.78±8.81 vs. 32.82±10.34, p<0.001; HRRI2: 44.37±12.11 vs. 51.72±12.87, p<0.001; HRRI3: 52.73±11.54 vs. 57.22±13.51, p=0.018; and HRRI5: 58.31±10.90 vs. 62.33±13.02, p=0.029).Conclusions:In the present study, we found that HRRI was impaired in heavy smokers. Our results suggest that beside previously known untoward effects on vascular biology, heavy smoking also has deleterious effects on the neuro–cardiovascular system.

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Effect of cigarette smoking on high density lipoprotein phospholipids

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Relation of Body Weight Change to Changes in Atherogenic Traits. A Study of Middle-Aged Japanese Obese Male Office Workers.

Relation of Body Weight Change to Changes in Atherogenic Traits. A Study of Middle-Aged Japanese Obese Male Office Workers.

Alterations in Canine Coronary Arteries Produced by Chronic Cigarette Smoking

Evaluation of heart rate recovery index in heavy smokers

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