Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) as a Lipid Lowering Agent on Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the important causes of cardiovascular disease related mortality and morbidity. Recently it has become a significant issue in public health problem of developing countries. The purpose of the study was to find a suitable solution for reducing blood lipid in dyslipidemic patients by conducting a research on the effect of cinnamon in hypercholesterolemic rats.Objective: To study the lipid lowering effect of Cinnamomum cassia on experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic rats.Materials and Methods: This study was done on 30 male Long Evans rats weighing about 200--210 gram. For convenience, the study was divided into two experiments --- Experiment I and Experiment II. In experiment I, 12 animals were divided into two groups. One was Group A (n = 6, control group) fed on laboratory diet and the other was Group B (n = 6) fed on laboratory diet and cinnamon for 35 days. In experiment II, the remaining 18 rats were fed fatty mixture diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid. The hypercholesterolemic rats were then divided into 3 groups, Group C, D, and E (n=6 in each group). Group D and Group E were additionally fed on cinnamon powder and tablet atorvastatin for 35 days respectively. Serum TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured after 35 days.Results: Fatty mixture diet increased TG, TC and LDL-C significantly. Cinnamon treated fatty mixture diet group showed that Cinnamomum cassia decreased plasma TC, TG and LDL-C. Atorvastatin therapy decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels significantly compared with the lowering effect of cinnamon.Conclusion: The results of this experimental study indicate that Cinnamomum cassia can act as a hypocholesterolemic agent and thereby can improve cardiovascular functions

Utilization of Cinnamon Leaf and Shrimp Flour as an Enhancer of Catfish Meat Quality

“…Azima (2004) menyatakan bahwa penambahan kayu manis pada pakan kelinci dapat menurunkan lemak di hati, yang menjadi indikasi bahwa daun kayu manis meningkatkan metabolisme lemak di dalam tubuh. Penurunan kadar lemak tubuh ini diduga disebabkan kayu manis memiliki peran langsung dalam metabolisme lemak dan mencegah hiperkolesterolemia dan hipertrigliseridemia dan asam lemak bebas oleh aktifitas lipolitik yang tinggi (Rahman et al 2013). Vafa et al (2012) menyatakan bahwa penderita diabetes yang mengkonsumsi 3 gram kayu manis selama 8 minggu dapat menurunkan beberapa variabel biokimia dan antropometri dibandingkan dengan kondisi awal yaitu, gula darah puasa mengalami penurunan sebesar 9,2%, HbA1c menurun sebesar 6,12%, trigliserida menurun sebesar 15,38%, berat badan mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,19%, indeks massa tubuh mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,54% dan massa lemak tubuh mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,36%.…”

The Effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on Lipid Profiles and Histology Via Up-Regulation of LDL Receptor Gene Expression in Hamsters Fed a High Cholesterol Diet

“…Rahman et al administered a 35-day high-fat regimen to rats using a fatty mixture diet containing 15% powdered Cinnamomum cassia and compared the animals' lipid profiles with those of a control group that did not receive Cinnamomum (8). They reported significantly lower serum levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG in the treated group, while HDL-c levels were not significantly changed (8).…”

“…Also, uptake of cholesterol from the macrophage to the HDL is mediated by the ABC transmembrane transporters that diminish foam cell formation (4). some reports indicating that using some herbal medicines can lower serum TC levels and therefore prevent hyperlipidemic complications (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

“…Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ from the Lauraceae family), which originates from the island of Sri Lanka southeast of India, has been used for its anti-diabetic (13)(14)(15), antiinflammatory, anti-arthritic (16,17), antipyretic, analgesic (18), antifungal (19), antioxidant (20), antimicrobial (21), and anti-Helicobacter pylori (22) properties, and also acts as a lipid-lowering agent (8,23). Different parts of the plant (bark, roots, and leaves) and its essential oils are used for medicinal purposes (24).…”

“…There are, however, some reports showing that there may be side-effects for this group of medicines; for example, they have been shown to cause elevation in serum transaminase activity as well as increased intolerance or resistance to these drugs. Still, many researchers have suggested that increasing the expression of the LDL-R gene could reduce the serum cholesterol levels by increasing uptake of the LDL particles (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). For these reasons, researchers and patients have been interested in discovering hypolipidemic agents with minimal or no side-effects.…”