Effect of Citric Acid and Benzophenone Tetracarboxyclic Acid Treatments on Stability, Durability, and Surface Characteristic of Short Rotation Teak

Abstract

Short rotation teak (SRT) has a diameter of around 30 cm at the age of 15 years; however, the wood still has low quality, especially in dimensional stability and biological durability. The objective of this study was to improve dimensional stability and biological durability of SRT through modification treatment using non-biocide chemicals, citric acid (CA) and benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid (BPTCA). SRT sapwood was impregnated by 20% and 40% of CA or BPTCA followed by heating in the oven at 150 °C for 2 h. Dimensional stability, strength, surface characteristics and durability against termite attacks of the modified woods were evaluated. Results show that dimensional stability as anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) increased by an average of 46% (CA) and 50% (BPTCA) after treatments. Durability against termites showed that the modified woods were categorized to be class 1 (very durable). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction observations indicated a possible chemical reaction between the wood components with CA and BPTCA. The water-based acrylic and oil-based alkyd contact angle values of the modified woods were lower than 90°, indicating their high wetting ability against the varnish liquids. The treatment can be applied to improve the quality of SRT for high-quality wood product utilization.

Physical and mechanical properties of belangke (Gigantochloa pruriens) bamboo laminated boards modified with citric acid

“…Feng et al [23] reported that wood treated with citric acid has a WPG of 7%. Furthermore, Basri et al [18] reported that modified wood with 20% citric acid resulted in a 25% WPG, while 40% citric acid resulted in a 28%. Citric acid treatment of wood can increase WPG values and resistance to termites [24].…”

“…Based on the value of MOE produced in this study decreased when treated with citric acid. Basri et al [18] reported that using citric acid at a concentration of 20% for teak wood modification resulted in a 15% reduction in the MOE value.…”

“…This statement is also supported by previous research. Basri et al [18] reported that using citric acid at a concentration of 20% to mo teak resulted in a decrease in the MOR value of 11%.…”

“…One modification that can potentially improve the quality of bamboo as raw material for laminated boards is citric acid. Basri et al [18] reported that citric acid has been successfully used for wood modification. The research showed that this modification increased wood's physical, mechanical, and durable properties.…”

Physicomechanical Properties Enhancement of Fast-Growing Wood Impregnated with Wood Vinegar Animal Adhesive

“…The age shift of logging activity from long-rotation to short-rotation trees of 5-15 years impacts the quality of the resulting processed wood (Basri et al, 2022a;Martha et al, 2021). The wood from short-rotation crops has poor physical and mechanical properties, as well as low resistance to biologically degrading organisms (Arsyad et al, 2019;Basri et al, 2021;Hadi et al, 2022a;Vidaurre et al, 2018).…”