Effect of citrus waste on blood parameters of broiler birds with and without cocktail of enzymes

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of different levels of citrus waste (CW) with or without enzyme cocktail on blood profile of broilers. Materials and Methods: CW was sun-dried and grounded to powder CW. 256-day-old birds were distributed into eight groups; control (C), CW-supplemented diets (2.5% CW, 5.0% CW, and 7.5% CW), enzyme (E) cocktail supplemented diets (CE, 2.5% CWE, 5.0% CWE, and 7.5% CWE). The diets were fed during starter (0-14 days), grower (15-21 days), and finisher (22-42 days) phases. Blood was collected from the wing vein from four birds per treatment. Serum was separated out after centrifugation and stored at −20°C until further analysis. The samples were analyzed for liver function test (glucose, total protein [TP], albumin [ALB], and globulin), lipid profile (cholesterol and triglyceride), kidney function test (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], blood urea nitrogen [BUN], and creatinine), and antioxidant levels (catalase, superoxide dismutase [SOD], lipid peroxidation [LPx], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione [GSH], and Vitamins E and C). Results: Blood profile data revealed that supplementation of CW showed no effect on TP, ALB, globulin, and BUN levels. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and AST levels decreased linearly with an increase in the levels of CW in the diet. Catalase and SOD activity increased non-significantly with an increase in inclusion level of CW in the diets. LPx, GPx, and GSH activities decreased (p≤0.05) up to 5% CW-fed groups. Vitamin E and C activity were found to be highest (p≤0.05) in birds fed with diet supplemented with 5% CW. GPx and GSH activities and serum Vitamin C levels were observed to be highest (p<0.05) in birds fed CW (at 5%)-based diet supplemented with enzymes. Conclusion: The blood profile showed that supplementation of CW up to 5% decreased cholesterol, triglyceride, and AST levels and improved the antioxidant status. Vitamin C levels were observed to be highest (p<0.05) in birds fed CW (at 5%)- based diet supplemented with enzymes.

Blood Profile and Physiological Response of Broiler Chickens to Sweet Orange Peel Supplemented Water in a Hot Humid Environment

“…Absence of significant differences in the serum parameters between the control and SOPP treatment groups in this study suggests that the dosage of SOPP did not adversely affect the serum indices and organ function. This finding agrees with the report of Behera et al (2019), who did not find significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference in glucose, TP, ALB, and globulin level of broilers fed 2.5 to 7.5 % of citrus waste for 7 weeks. Likewise, Abbasi et al (2015) reported no effect of dried citrus sinensis pulp in the diet of broiler birds on the serum enzyme activities (ALT and AST), which is an indication of no organ toxicity.…”

Effect of artificial light at night on sleep and metabolism in weaver birds

“…Biochemical assay kits from Erba diagnostics Mannheim GmbH, Germany, were used to analyze bilirubin total, creatinine, triglycerides, total protein, uric acid and SGOT (Serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase) from plasma samples of birds in different LAN treatment phases. The kit is widely used in assessing the different biochemical parameters in mammalian and avian model systems (Shivprasad et al, 2014, Behera et al, 2019, Khandia et al, 2020. All samples were diluted in the ratio of 1:3 (plasma: distilled water) to attain sufficient volumes for running all the tests.…”

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Coarse or Extruded Oat Hulls on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Ceca Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Broiler Chickens

“…Although OH does not have significant amounts of starch and protein [ 2 , 8 ], its extrusion may change its particle size and cause a redistribution of its fiber components, thereby creating a differential effect on gut microbiota than coarse OH. Various dietary fiber types have been reported to differentially affect blood biochemical parameters [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ] with soluble fiber observed to reduce the concentrations of triglycerides, phospholipids, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The objective of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of coarse and extruded OH on growth performance, blood biochemical characteristics, and cecal SCFA and microbiota in broiler chickens.…”