Effect of cleistogamy on Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat

Abstract

In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance is an important breeding target to reduce yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. We hypothesized that cleistogamous (CL, closed flowering) cultivars have a lower risk of FHB infection than chasmogamous (CH, opened flowering) cultivars because FHB infection usually occurs in the inside of florets or extracted anthers and FHB resistance in CL cultivars decreases mycotoxin accumulation. To test these hypotheses, we produced 126 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between common wheat varieties 'U24' (CL variety) and 'Saikai 165' (CH variety). Although 'U24' and 'Saikai 165' are both resistant to FHB infection, 'U24' is susceptible to FHB spread, grain deterioration, and mycotoxin accumulation compared with 'Saikai 165'. Among the RILs, there were significant differences in all of the tested traits. Although the CL RILs showed less initial FHB infection than CH RILs, there were no significant differences in grain deterioration and mycotoxin accumulation between the 2 groups. An FHB-resistant quantitative trait locus (QTL) located on chromosome 3BS increased resistance to FHB spread, grain deterioration, and mycotoxin accumulation; however, not all CL RILs with this QTL accumulated less mycotoxin than 'Saikai 165'.

Transcriptome profile of early responsive genes in susceptible barley duringRhynchosporium secalisinfection

“…This is can be attributed at least partially to the progress of stress caused by R. secalis infection on susceptible barley which might lead plants to activate this kind of genes for their reproduction. This is in agreement with the results of Kubo et al (2010) a bout the basic role of this gene towards fungus.…”

Comparison of Fusarium head blight resistance in cytoplasmic male sterile, maintainer and restorer lines in winter wheat

“…This resistance is one of two major categories of resistance to FHB: resistance to initial infection (Type I), and resistance to pathogen spread in infected tissue (Type II) (Shroeder and Christensen 1963). Our results are in agreement with those of Kubo et al (2010Kubo et al ( , 2013 who found the severity of FHB infection in cleistogamous (closed flowering) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and double haploid lines (DHLs) of wheat to be significantly lower than in chasmogamous (opened flowering) RILs and DHLs, hence demonstrating that the closed-flowering (no anther extrusion) characteristic was effective in increasing resistance to FHB infection. In their experiments, the lines set seed, hence seed set did not affect disease severity (as may have occurred in our experiments).…”

“…Later studies have also highlighted the importance of anther extrusion. Kubo et al (2010) found that cleistogamous lines initially had reduced FHB infection, but chasmogamous lines were not different for kernel shriveling or mycotoxin levels. Furthermore, Kubo et al (2013) found minor differences in anther extrusion affected FHB resistance in wheat.…”

Evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and the Development of a New Variety by Integrating Type I and II Resistance

“…To investigate the accumulation of mycotoxins of selected materials, we performed randomized block field experiments in the experimental fields 19,20 . Before sowing, the soil was fertilized with 30 kg ha -1 N, 26 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 , and 26 kg ha -1 K 2 O. Twenty seeds of each materials were sown 70 cm apart in a row.…”