Effect of coffee and tea on the glycaemic index of foods: no effect on mean but reduced variability

Aldughpassi, Ahmed; Wolever, Thomas M. S.

doi:10.1017/s0007114508079610

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies examining the effect of coffee on glucose metabolism have reported controversial results. Whereas some studies, like ours, found similar glucose and insulin responses 2-3 h after consumption of either regular coffee or water (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) , others showed increased 2-h glucose and insulin AUC for regular coffee compared with either water (40) or decaffeinated coffee (13,40,41) . Moreover, two studies reported a lower glucose AUC for decaffeinated coffee compared with regular coffee (42) or water (43) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Decaffeinated coffee improves insulin sensitivity in healthy men

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidemiological studies have found coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this randomised, cross-over single-blind study was to investigate the effects of regular coffee, regular coffee with sugar and decaffeinated coffee consumption on glucose metabolism and incretin hormones. Seventeen healthy men participated in five trials each, during which they consumed coffee (decaffeinated, regular (containing caffeine) or regular with sugar) or water (with or without sugar). After 1 h of each intervention, they received an oral glucose tolerance test with one intravenous dose of [1-13C]glucose. The Oral Dose Intravenous Label Experiment was applied and glucose and insulin levels were interpreted using a stable isotope two-compartment minimal model. A mixed-model procedure (PROC MIXED), with subject as random effect and time as repeated measure, was used to compare the effects of the beverages on glucose metabolism and incretin parameters (glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)). Insulin sensitivity was higher with decaffeinated coffee than with water (P<0·05). Regular coffee with sugar did not significantly affect glucose, insulin, C-peptide and incretin hormones, compared with water with sugar. Glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GLP-1 and GIP levels were not statistically different after regular and decaffeinated coffee compared with water. Our findings demonstrated that the consumption of decaffeinated coffee improves insulin sensitivity without changing incretin hormones levels. There was no short-term adverse effect on glucose homoeostasis, after an oral glucose challenge, attributable to the consumption of regular coffee with sugar.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Decaffeinated coffee improves insulin sensitivity in healthy men

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, we do not believe this to be a problem because, compared with drinking water, coffee and tea have no significant effect on AUC (Young and Wolever, 1998) or GI (Aldughpassi and Wolever, 2009) and may actually reduce variation in GI (Aldughpassi and Wolever, 2009). …”

Section: Effect Of Subject Characteristics On Gimentioning

confidence: 81%

The glycaemic index values of foods containing fructose are affected by metabolic differences between subjects

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Objectives: Glycaemic responses are influenced by carbohydrate absorption rate, type of monosaccharide absorbed and the presence of fat; the effect of some of these factors may be modulated by metabolic differences between subjects. We hypothesized that glycaemic index (GI) values are affected by the metabolic differences between subjects for foods containing fructose or fat, but not for starchy foods. Subjects/Methods: The GI values of white bread (WB), fruit leather (FL) and chocolate-chip cookies (CCC) (representing starch, fructose and fat, respectively) were determined in subjects (n ¼ 77) recruited to represent all 16 possible combinations of age (p40, 440 years), sex (male, female), ethnicity (Caucasian, non-Caucasian) and body mass index (BMI) (p25, 425 kg/m 2 ) using glucose as the reference. At screening, fasting insulin, lipids, c-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Results: There were no significant main effects of age, sex, BMI or ethnicity on GI, but there were several food Â subject-factor interactions. Different factors affected each food's area under the curve (AUC) and GI. The AUC after oral glucose was related to ethnicity, age and triglycerides (r 2 ¼ 0.27); after WB to ethnicity, age, triglycerides, sex and CRP (r 2 ¼ 0.43); after CCC to age and weight (r 2 ¼ 0.18); and after FL to age and CRP (r 2 ¼ 0.12). GI of WB was related to ethnicity (r 2 ¼ 0.12) and of FL to AST, insulin and WC (r 2 ¼ 0.23); but there were no significant correlations for CCC. Conclusions:The GI values of foods containing fructose might be influenced by metabolic differences between -subjects, whereas the GI of starchy foods might be affected by ethnicity. However, the proportion of variation explained by subject factors is small.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, factors known to create bias or increase random error in the results of GI testing are not among the criteria used to judge the quality of clinical trials, namely: the number of subjects, 28 blood sampling schedule, 29 the precision of the glucose analytical method, 4 , 30 the precision of the measure of fasting glucose, 4 , 31 the number of reference food tests, 4 , 32 within subject variation of AUC elicited by the reference food, 4 subject preparation, 4 , 33 the amount of available carbohydrate fed to subjects, 28 food composition 34 and the nature of the drink consumed with the test meals. 4 , 35 Our GI methodological quality assessment did not include an assessment of randomization. As GI testing involves multiple treatments taken by each subject over a period of time, formal randomization of the order of treatments may not be desirable or ideal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ethnicity on glycaemic index: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives:Low glycaemic index (GI) foods are recommended to improve glycaemic control in diabetes; however, Health Canada considers that GI food labeling would be misleading and unhelpful, in part, because selected studies suggest that GI values are inaccurate due to an effect of ethnicity. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the GI of foods when measured in Caucasians versus non-Caucasians.Methods:We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases for relevant articles. GI differences were aggregated using the generic inverse variance method (random effects model) and expressed as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Study quality was assessed based on how well studies complied with official international GI methodology.Results:Review of 1288 trials revealed eight eligible studies, including 28 comparisons of GI among 585 non-Caucasians and 971 Caucasians. Overall, there was borderline significant evidence of higher GI in non-Caucasians than Caucasians (MD, 3.3 (95% CI, −0.1, 6.8); P=0.06) with significant heterogeneity (I2, 46% P=0.005). The GI of eight types of rice was higher in non-Caucasians than Caucasians (MD, 9.5 (95% CI, 3.7, 23.1); P=0.001), but there was no significant difference for the other 20 foods (MD, 1.0 (95% CI, −2.5, 4.6); P=0.57). MD was significantly greater in the four low-quality studies (nine comparisons) than the four high-quality studies (19 comparisons; 7.8 vs 0.7, P=0.047).Conclusions:With the possible exception of rice, existing evidence suggests that GI values do not differ when measured in Caucasians versus non-Caucasians. To confirm these findings high-quality studies using a wide range of foods are required.

show abstract

Effect of coffee and tea on the glycaemic index of foods: no effect on mean but reduced variability

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Decaffeinated coffee improves insulin sensitivity in healthy men

Decaffeinated coffee improves insulin sensitivity in healthy men

The glycaemic index values of foods containing fructose are affected by metabolic differences between subjects

Effect of ethnicity on glycaemic index: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About