Effect of Cold Acclimation on the Broiler Chicks' Resistance to Acute Aflatoxicosis

Manning, R. O.; Wyatt, R. D.

doi:10.3382/ps.0690388

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Low environmental temperature increases feed intake and decreases body weight gain and feed efficiency, thus negatively influencing the performance of broiler chickens. As Manning and Wyatt (1990) proved, broiler chickens adapted more easily to lower than to higher temperature. The optimal temperature range for efficient production for broiler chickens over 4 weeks of age is 18 -21˚C (Aengwanich and Simaraks 2004).…”

Section: Poultry Ambient Temperature Stress Biochemical and Haematmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Low Environmental Temperature on Performance and Blood System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Blahová¹,

Dobšíková²,

Straková

et al. 2007

Acta Vet. Brno

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Blahová J., R. Dobšíková, E. Straková, P. Suchý: Effect of Low Environmental Temperature on Performance and Blood System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus). Acta Vet. Brno 2007, 76: S17-S23.The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low environmental temperature on growth, feed conversion, performance and selected biochemical and haematological indicators in broiler chickens. The decrease in air temperature since the 22 nd day of growth influenced significantly (p < 0.05) the level of total proteins, uric acid, phosphorus (in female broiler chickens), glucose (in male broiler chickens), haemoglobin (in female broiler chickens) and liver weight (in male broiler chickens). The temperature influenced significantly (p < 0.01) the level of triiodothyronine, haemoglobin (in male broiler chickens), haematocrit, abdominal fat content (in male broiler chickens), and heart weight too. The results have clearly confirmed that during growth, the decrease in environmental temperature (cold stress) negatively influenced some indices of performance and blood system in broiler chickens. Poultry, ambient temperature, stress, biochemical and haematological indicators, carcass efficiencyThe changes in environmental temperature below and above the thermal comfort zone have a negative effect on bird performance. Broiler chicken is a homeotherm that can live comfortably only in a relatively narrow zone of thermoneutrality. Both low and high temperatures act in a negative way. Low environmental temperature increases feed intake and decreases body weight gain and feed efficiency, thus negatively influencing the performance of broiler chickens. As Manning and Wyatt (1990) proved, broiler chickens adapted more easily to lower than to higher temperature. The optimal temperature range for efficient production for broiler chickens over 4 weeks of age is 18 -21˚C (Aengwanich and Simaraks 2004).Shinder et al. (2002) reported that short-term cold conditioning of chickens at an early age could induce an improvement either in thermotolerance during cold challenge or in performance of chickens exposed to an optimal environmental temperature.The increase in energy requirement as a result of exposure to low environmental temperature implies neccessary changes in the cardiovascular system to accommodate the energy needs. Thus, increases in haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, blood volume, liver and heart muscle weight have been observed in broiler chickens and turkeys exposed to low environmental temperature (Yahav et al. 1996;Yahav 2002). Yahav et al. (1997) reported linear relationship between haematocrit and heart weight under constant temperature. The observed relationship indicates an adaptation of heart mass to the changes in work load associated with the changes in blood flow resistance. Cahaner and Leenstra (1992) documented that abdominal fat content was affected by environmental temperature. In cooler environment, more energy was dissipated as heat and thus fat accumulation was decreased.Plasma triiodothyronine (T 3 ...

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Section: Poultry Ambient Temperature Stress Biochemical and Haematmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Low Environmental Temperature on Performance and Blood System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Blahová¹,

Dobšíková²,

Straková

et al. 2007

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…These compounds are known for their nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects in livestock (Lanza et al . ; Manning & Wyatt ). Indeed, OTA has already been traced in meat (Guillamont et al .…”

Section: Mycotoxins In Aquafeedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most toxic compound of this group (Hussein & Brasel 2001). These compounds are known for their nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects in livestock (Lanza et al 1980;Manning & Wyatt 1984). Indeed, OTA has already been traced in meat (Guillamont et al 2005), milk (Skaug 1999) and dairy products (Dall'Asta et al 2008), and other animal-derived swine products (Pozzo et al 2010).…”

Section: Ochratoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of mycotoxins in commercial aquafeeds in Asia and Europe: a real risk to aquaculture?

Gonçalves¹,

Naehrer²,

Santos³

2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

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There is increasing awareness of the negative effects of mycotoxins in aquatic species, which is highlighted in recent publications. Partly due to climate change associated with an overall increase of mycotoxins contamination in plant ingredients, and also due to the tendency to replace expensive animal‐derived proteins, such as fish meal, by more economical plant proteins sources, which increases the probability of mycotoxin contamination in aquaculture feeds (Hooft et al. ). Over a 1‐year period, 41 samples of finished aquaculture feed, both shrimp and fish, were analysed within the scope of BIOMIN mycotoxin survey programme. The samples were tested for aflatoxins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins and ochratoxin A. Samples were sourced in Asia (31 samples) and Europe (10 samples) from fish/shrimp farms or feed producers. The values detected pose a risk for several important aquaculture species, assuming single mycotoxin contamination, that is excluding possible additive and synergetic effects between mycotoxins. Co‐occurrence of mycotoxins in feeds may induce synergistic effects and increase the negative impact of mycotoxins in aquatic‐farmed species at lower levels than when present in single contamination. This review gives an overview of the different mycotoxins and revises the effects of mycotoxins in aquatic species. Additionally, it reports the levels of mycotoxins in aquafeeds in 2014 and compares detected levels with possible negative effects in fish and shrimp. As it is highlighted by the results of the survey, the risk of co‐occurrence is high and the knowledge on the effects of multimycotoxins contamination in aquatic species is basically none.

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“…Therefore, studying the productive performance and egg quality of laying hens exposed to relatively low ammonia concentrations for an extended period is of great significance to layer houses. It was proved that birds naturally adapted more easily to lower temperature than to higher temperature [31]. Whether birds show adaptability or not under the long-term effects of these two factors is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cold Stress and Ammonia Concentration on Productive Performance and Egg Quality Traits of Laying Hens

Tong

Shi

et al. 2020

Animals

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In a cold climate, ensuring indoor air quality and heat preservation simultaneously has always been a difficult problem in the poultry house. The current study was carried out in order to determine the effects of chronic low temperature and ammonia concentration on productive performance and egg quality of commercial laying hens. 576 18-week-old Hy-line Brown hens were used in this study. Birds were housed in cages and received for 20-week exposure to low temperature and ammonia in six artificial environmental chambers. Birds were randomly assigned into six treatments: treatment 1 (T1, 20 °C, ≤5 ppm, control group), treatment 2 (T2, 20 °C, 20 ppm), treatment 3 (T3, 20 °C, 45 ppm), treatment 4 (T4, 8 °C, ≤5 ppm), treatment 5 (T5, 8 °C, 20 ppm) and treatment 6 (T6, 8 °C, 45 ppm). Daily feed intake (DFI), feed efficiency (FE), egg production (EP) and body weight (BW) were recorded and calculated from 19 weeks of age. Egg samples were collected at 22, 26, 30, 34 and 38 weeks of age and egg weight (EW), shell breaking strength (SBS), albumen height (AH), yolk weight (YW), shell weight (SW), shell thickness (ST) and Haugh unit (HU) were measured. The results of the present study indicated that low temperature and excessive ammonia decreased the EP of hens compared with those of the T1 birds. Low temperature increased DFI of hens thereby FE showed significant differences among treatments. During the early period of the experiment, low temperature treatment increased the BW of laying hens, but this trend of increase was suppressed by the treatment of ammonia with the prolongation of the experimental period. Egg quality was also affected by low temperature and excessive ammonia. At different experimental periods, egg quality traits of hens exposed to the cold and ammonia stress presented significant differences compared to those of control birds. The present study indicated that the effect of ammonia was more pronounced on hens than that of low temperature at the early and peak laying period in terms of several main traits of productive performance and egg quality under long term hens breeding.

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Effect of Cold Acclimation on the Broiler Chicks' Resistance to Acute Aflatoxicosis

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Low Environmental Temperature on Performance and Blood System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Effect of Low Environmental Temperature on Performance and Blood System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Occurrence of mycotoxins in commercial aquafeeds in Asia and Europe: a real risk to aquaculture?

Effects of Cold Stress and Ammonia Concentration on Productive Performance and Egg Quality Traits of Laying Hens

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