Effect of Combination of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Juice and Palm Sugar (Arenga pinnata) Supplementation in Drinking Water on Lipid Profile of Broiler Chicken

Lipid profiles of blood serum and fatty acid composition of meat of hybrid duck fed diet supplemented with Noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit meal

“…Administration of noni fruit meal up to 3% in diet was not able to decrease triglyceride level and total cholesterol of duck's blood serum. This result is not in accordance with Adriani et al (2014) who reported that there was a decrease of triglyceride and total cholesterol of broiler chicken's blood serum by administrating noni fruit juice through the drinking water. Coumarin compound increases secretion of biliary acid and oxide nitrite compound, which will secrete cholesterol in the blood through feces.…”

“…This shows that active compound in noni fruit meal was unable to prevent lipid oxidation. This result was not in line with research result of Adriani et al (2014) who said that administration of noni fruit juice and sugar palm in the drinking water of broiler chicken may decrease total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride of blood serum. As reported by Fondevilla et al (2010) that administration of noni fruit meal to mouse decreased level of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL in blood serum.…”

“…Nishigaki & Waspodo (2003) said that noni fruit was able to decrease Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and increase High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Adriani et al (2014) reported that use of noni fruit juice by 0.3% and palm sugar (Arenga pinnata) around 0.2-0.4% through drinking water was able to decrease total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride of blood serum of broiler chicken meat. Sally (2003) also said that use of noni fruit juice was able to increase HDL.…”

The villi ileum growth of native quail fed by irradiated chitosan with glutathione from early age in high temperature

“…The use of chitosan with higher doses can inhibit lipid synthesis, which is a precursor to the growth of the ileum and its villi. The polar and bipolar nature of chitosan (binds water and fat) will increase the viscosity of digesta, so that the feed digesta rate is faster and will reduce nutrient contact with the small intestine during absorption, thereby reducing villi development [24][25][26][27]. Another factor is that early administration of chitosan inhibits the expression of genes or proteins that regulate lipid metabolism [27][28][29][30].…”

“…The polar and bipolar nature of chitosan (binds water and fat) will increase the viscosity of digesta, so that the feed digesta rate is faster and will reduce nutrient contact with the small intestine during absorption, thereby reducing villi development [24][25][26][27]. Another factor is that early administration of chitosan inhibits the expression of genes or proteins that regulate lipid metabolism [27][28][29][30]. As a result, villi growth and development are reduced, as well as suppressing the activity of the ileum in carrying out its function as the absorption intestine.…”