Effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on blood pressure in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Xi, Huihui; He, Yayu; Niu, Yirou; Sui, Xin; Zhang, Jun; Zhu, Ruiting; Xu, Haiyan; Zhang, Shuang; Li, Yang; Yuan, Yuan; Guo, Lirong

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111560

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…First, most studies (8/12) involved aerobic exercise only. As observed in previous meta-analyses (2,26), combined aerobic and resistance exercise interventions lead to a greater change in blood pressure in pre-and postmenopausal females (2). When we excluded studies that included resistance exercise in our sensitivity analysis, the blood pressure-lowering effect of exercise was lost for diastolic blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…that may exert a different effect on blood pressure in postmenopausal females. Third, previous meta-analyses that evaluated the effect of exercise training on blood pressure did not present sex-disaggregated results (15) or included pre-and/or postmenopausal females with various cardiovascular risk factors (2,26). For this reason, we also aimed to compare the change in blood pressure after aerobic exercise training between healthy postmenopausal females and males of similar age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Pressure in Healthy Postmenopausal Females: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Debray

Ravanelli

Chenette-Stewart

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Introduction:The prevalence of hypertension is greater in postmenopausal females compared with males of similar age. Previous meta-analyses of normotensive and hypertensive adults have shown that aerobic exercise training reduces systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP). However, the effect of aerobic exercise training on blood pressure specifically within healthy postmenopausal females remains unclear. This systematic review with meta-analysis quantified the effect of aerobic exercise training on resting SBP and DBP in healthy postmenopausal females. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020198171). The literature search was done in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL Plus, and SPORTDiscus. Randomized controlled trials involving healthy postmenopausal females with normal or high normal blood pressure and undergoing ≥4 wk of aerobic exercise training were included. The total weighted mean change in SBP and DBP was compared between the exercise and the control interventions. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall effect sizes of the weighted mean differences and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis (exercise interventions: n = 357, age = 60 ± 4 yr, baseline SBP/ DBP = 128 ± 13/79 ± 8 mm Hg; control interventions: n = 330, age = 60 ± 4 yr, baseline SBP/DBP = 126 ± 11/77 ± 6 mm Hg). Compared with the change observed in response to the control interventions, exercise training significantly reduced SBP (−0.43 mm Hg, 95% CI = −0.78 to −0.09, P = 0.02) and DBP (−0.39 mm Hg, 95% CI = −0.73 to −0.05, P = 0.05). Conclusions: Aerobic exercise training significantly reduces resting SBP and DBP in healthy postmenopausal females with normal or high normal blood pressure. However, this reduction is small and of uncertain clinical significance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Pressure in Healthy Postmenopausal Females: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Debray

Ravanelli

Chenette-Stewart

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…In studies that documented BP reductions in women after CT, the intensity of the resistance component of CT was set at 60% of 1-RM and the greater intensity used in our study might have caused an excessive sympathetic activation in women. Regarding the weekly frequency of CT sessions, our patients performed CT three times a week: this might have affected negatively the BP response in women since, a frequency of two sessions/week is associated with a greater hypotensive response in women, as suggested by a subgroup analysis of the meta-analysis performed by Xi et al [ 28 ]. Limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the female gender, the present study agrees with current literature showing that CT reduced only slightly BP in post-menopausal women. In a recent meta-analysis evaluating the effects of CT on BP of post-menopausal women, Xi et al [ 28 ] showed that CT reduced systolic BP by 0.81 mmHg and DBP by 0.62 mmHg. Several potential variables might have affected the lack of BP reduction in women after CT in the present study; among them are the training intensity and frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Concurrent Aerobic Plus Resistance Training on Blood Pressure Variability and Blood Pressure Values in Patients with Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease: Gender-Related Differences

Caminiti

Perrone²,

Volterrani³

et al. 2022

JCDD

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The purpose of this study was to compare changes in blood pressure variability (BPV) and blood pressure (BP) values occurring in response to concurrent training (CT) between the two genders. A total of 35 males and 20 women aged 55–80 years, with hypertension and coronary artery disease, were included. They underwent a 12-week CT program. The aerobic component of CT was performed according to the rate of perceived exertion while the intensity of the resistance component was set at 60% of 1 repetition maximum for the first 4 weeks and then increased to 80%. BP and BPV were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the CT program through 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. After 12-weeks, 24 h and daytime systolic BPV decreased in both men and women without significant between-groups differences. Twenty-four-hour daytime and nighttime diastolic BPV decreased in both genders with a significantly greater decrease in women compared to men. Twenty-four-hour daytime systolic and 24 h diastolic BP decreased in men while they were unchanged in women. In conclusion, CT induced similar reductions of systolic BPV in men and women and a greater decrease in diastolic BPV in women. Conversely, CT decreased BP values in males but not in females. CT appears to be an effective intervention for reducing BPV in both genders.

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“…Recently, two systematic review and meta-analyses showed that aerobic exercises only do not lead to a clinical improvement in blood pressure in pre- and post-menopausal females. However, when this modality of exercise is combined with resistance exercises, a greater improvement is observed within this population [ 18 , 19 ]. In the same way, it has been shown that one year of aerobic exercise reduces carotid arterial stiffness and increases cerebral blood flow in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females

et al. 2022

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Menopause accelerates increases in arterial stiffness and decreases cognitive performances. The objective of this study was to compare cognitive performances in physically active pre- and post-menopausal females and their relationship with arterial stiffness. We performed a cross-sectional comparison of blood pressure, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and cognitive performances between physically active late pre- and early post-menopausal females. Systolic (post-menopause—pre-menopause: +6 mmHg [95% CI −1; +13], p = 0.27; ŋ2 = 0.04) and diastolic (+6 mmHg [95% CI +2; +11], p = 0.06; ŋ2 = 0.12) blood pressures, and cf-PWV (+0.29 m/s [95% CI −1.03; 1.62], p = 0.48; ŋ2 = 0.02) did not differ between groups. Post-menopausal females performed as well as pre-menopausal females on tests evaluating executive functions, episodic memory and processing speed. Group differences were observed on the computerized working memory task. Post-menopausal females had lower accuracy (p = 0.02; ŋ2 = 0.25) but similar reaction time (p = 0.70; ŋ2 < 0.01). Moreover, this performance was inversely associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms (r = −0.38; p = 0.05). These results suggest that arterial stiffness and performance on tests assessing episodic memory and processing speed and executive functions assessing inhibition and switching abilities did not differ between physically active pre- and post-menopausal females. However, post-menopausal females had lower performance on a challenging condition of a working memory task, and this difference in working memory between groups cannot be explained by increased arterial stiffness.

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Effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on blood pressure in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Pressure in Healthy Postmenopausal Females: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Pressure in Healthy Postmenopausal Females: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Effects of Concurrent Aerobic Plus Resistance Training on Blood Pressure Variability and Blood Pressure Values in Patients with Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease: Gender-Related Differences

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females

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