Effect of combined thermal and water stress on germination of wheat seeds

Sartori, A.; Oliveira, Carolina Maria Gaspar de; Zucareli, Claudemir; Pereira, Alessandra Rodrigues; Kitzberger, Cíntia Sorane Good; Santos, Elizeu David dos; Araújo, Flávia Oliveira de

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20230003

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In addition, APX and GPX remained unchanged at 20-, 25-, 30-, and 40 °C but decreased at 35 °C. It has been suggested that germination increases mitochondrial respiration, which produces excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activate antioxidant defences [ 24 ] to protect themselves from ROS-induced oxidative damage [ 53 – 57 ], which corroborates our findings. CAT, POD, GPX, and APX are the major ROS-scavenging enzymes that reduce H 2 O 2 to reduce potential cellular damage associated with H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Khan,

Shah,

Ullah

et al. 2023

BMC Plant Biol

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The application of germination models in economic crop management makes them extremely useful for predicting seed germination. Hence, we examined the effect of varying water potentials (Ψs; 0. − 0.3, − 0.6, − 0.9, − 1.2 MPa) and temperatures (Ts; 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 °C) on maize germination and enzymatic antioxidant mechanism. We observed that varying Ts and Ψs significantly influenced germination percentage (GP) and germination rate (GR), and other germination parameters, including germination rate index (GRI), germination index (GI), mean germination index (MGI), mean germination time (MGT), coefficient of the velocity of germination (CVG), and germination energy (GE) (p ≤ 0.01). Maximum (87.60) and minimum (55.20) hydro-time constant (θH) were reported at 35 °C and 20 °C, respectively. In addition, base water potential at 50 percentiles was highest at 30 °C (15.84 MPa) and lowest at 20 °C (15.46 MPa). Furthermore, the optimal, low, and ceiling T (To, Tb and Tc, respectively) were determined as 30 °C, 20 °C and 40 °C, respectively. The highest θT1 and θT2 were reported at 40 °C (0 MPa) and 20 °C (− 0.9 MPa), respectively. HTT has a higher value (R2 = 0.43 at 40 °C) at sub-optimal than supra-optimal temperatures (R2 = 0.41 at 40 °C). Antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), increased with decreasing Ψs. In contrast, CAT and POD were higher at 20 °C and 40 °C but declined at 25, 30, and 35 °C. The APX and GPX remained unchanged at 20, 25, 30, and 40 °C but declined at 35 °C. Thus, maintaining enzymatic activity is a protective mechanism against oxidative stress. A decline in germination characteristics may result from energy diverting to anti-stress tools (antioxidant enzymes) necessary for eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to reduce salinity-induced oxidative damage. The parameters examined in this study are easily applicable to simulation models of Z. mays L. germination under extreme environmental conditions characterized by water deficits and temperature fluctuations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Khan,

Shah,

Ullah

et al. 2023

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Normally, CAT activity under stress conditions tends to increase (Barakat et al, 2013); however, Mhamdi et al (2012) highlighted that negative regulation can occur when stress intensifies or even maintain enzymatic activity without significant changes. This fact was confirmed by Sartori et al (2023) when observing that, although the CAT was similar between the combination of 32°C and -0.444 MPa and the others, the germination of wheat seeds was lower. A similar situation was observed in the present research, where, despite the absence of statistical differences in CAT activity between water potentials, there was a reduction in germination and germination speed from -0.1 MPa.…”

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confidence: 55%

“…Zhang et al (2017) emphasized that the high activity of APX and CAT under environmental stress conditions is essential, aiming to balance the intracellular environment between the formation and removal of H 2 O 2 (hydrogen peroxide). Sartori et al (2023) observed a significant increase in APX activity when the wheat seeds were subjected to high negative water potentials and an increase in temperature; however, for some combinations (water potential and temperature), there were no differences related to the absence of deficiency water.…”

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confidence: 84%

Initial establishment of Erythrina velutina Willd seedlings under water deficit: physiological and biochemical aspects

Almeida,

Silva,

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Ambient.

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For plant species to establish and survive in semiarid regions, such as the Caatinga plant domain, they need to present biochemical versatility. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate through physiological and biochemical indicators the sensitivity of seeds and seedlings of Erythrina velutina Willd to water deficit, as this species is used in the recovery of degraded areas in the Brazilian semiarid region. The seeds were submitted to five osmotic potentials (-0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4; and -0.5 MPa), evaluating the percentage of germination (normal seedlings), germination speed index, length of aerial parts and root system, total dry mass, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a, b, and carotenoids) in aerial parts and root system, soluble carbohydrates and proteins, proline, and the enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase. The water deficit reduced the germination speed index and percentage, aerial parts and root length, aerial parts and root dry mass, and photosynthetic pigment content in seedlings; however, there was an increase in the levels of total carbohydrate, proline, and protein, and a reduction in superoxide dismutase. The water potential from -0,4 MPa was a limiting factor for the seedling and/or seedling formation process. The direct sowing of E. velutina would only be indicated up to the potential of -0,3 MPa for the regeneration of degraded areas in semiarid regions. The species in the seedling formation stage present less biochemical plasticity to overcome limiting conditions of water availability.

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H₂O₂ signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress

Yu,

Lian,

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background In the realm of wheat seed germination, abiotic stresses such as salinity and high temperature have been shown to hinder the process. These stresses can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species, which, within a certain concentration range, may actually facilitate seed germination. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, serves as a crucial signaling molecule in the promotion of seed germination. Nevertheless, the potential of GABA to regulate seed germination under the simultaneous stress of heat and salinity remains unexplored in current literature. Methods This study employed observational methods to assess seed germination rate (GR), physiological methods to measure H2O2 content, and the activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The levels of ABA and GABA were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography technology. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR technology was utilized to analyze the expression levels of two genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, MnSOD and CAT. Results The findings indicated that combined stress (30 °C + 50 mM NaCl) decreased the GR of wheat seeds to about 21%, while treatment with 2 mM GABA increased the GR to about 48%. However, the stimulatory effect of GABA was mitigated by the presence of ABA, dimethylthiourea, and NOX inhibitor, but was strengthened by H2O2, antioxidant enzyme inhibitor, fluridone, and gibberellin. In comparison to the control group (20 °C + 0 mM NaCl), this combined stress led to elevated levels of ABA, reduced GAD and NOX activity, and a decrease in H2O2 and GABA content. Further investigation revealed that this combined stress significantly suppressed the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as downregulated the gene expression levels of MnSOD and CAT. However, the study demonstrates that exogenous GABA effectively reversed the inhibitory effects of combined stress on wheat seed germination. These findings suggest that GABA-induced NOX-mediated H2O2 signalling plays a crucial role in mitigating the adverse impact of combined stress on wheat seed germination. This research holds significant theoretical and practical implications for the regulation of crop seed germination by GABA under conditions of combined stress.

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Effect of combined thermal and water stress on germination of wheat seeds

Cited by 3 publications

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Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Initial establishment of Erythrina velutina Willd seedlings under water deficit: physiological and biochemical aspects

Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H₂O₂ signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress

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Effect of combined thermal and water stress on germination of wheat seeds

Cited by 3 publications

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Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Utilizing hydrothermal time models to assess the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on maize (Zea mays L.) germination and physiological responses

Initial establishment of Erythrina velutina Willd seedlings under water deficit: physiological and biochemical aspects

Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H2O2 signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H₂O₂ signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress