Effect of Compaction Pressure and Moisture Content on Quality Parameters of Perennial Biomass Pellets

Styks, Jakub; Wróbel, Marek; Frączek, J.; Knapczyk, Adrian

doi:10.3390/en13081859

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…They obtained moisture contents of 15.2% and 8.2% for chopped and milled material, respectively. Styks et al [131] studied the density and durability of S. hermaphrodita and S. perfoliatum pellets. They observed best results at a compaction pressure of 262 MPa and a moisture content of 8% for S. perfoliatum and 11% for S. hermaphrodita.…”

Section: Growing Sida Hermaphrodita and Silphium Perfoliatum As Solidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Novel Energy Crops: Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and Silphium perfoliatum L.—State of Knowledge

et al. 2020

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Current global temperature increases resulting from human activity threaten many ecosystems and societies, and have led to international and national policy commitments that aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Bioenergy crops provide one means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from energy production and two novel crops that could be used for this purpose are Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and Silphium perfoliatum L. This research examined the existing scientific literature available on both crops through a systematic review. The data were collated according to the agronomy, uses, and environmental benefits of each crop. Possible challenges were associated with high initial planting costs, low yields in low rainfall areas, and for Sida hermaphrodita, vulnerability to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. However, under appropriate environmental conditions, both crops were found to provide large yields over sustained periods of time with relatively low levels of management and could be used to produce large energy surpluses, either through direct combustion or biogas production. Other potential uses included fodder, fibre, and pharmaceutical uses. Environmental benefits included the potential for phytoremediation, and improvements to soil health, biodiversity, and pollination. The review also demonstrated that environmental benefits, such as pollination, soil health, and water quality benefits could be obtained from the use of Sida hermaphrodita and Silphium perfoliatum relative to existing bioenergy crops such as maize, whilst at the same time reducing the greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy production. Future research should examine the long-term implications of using Sida hermaphrodita and Silphium perfoliatum as well as improve knowledge on how to integrate them successfully within existing farming systems and supply chains.

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Section: Growing Sida Hermaphrodita and Silphium Perfoliatum As Solidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Novel Energy Crops: Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and Silphium perfoliatum L.—State of Knowledge

et al. 2020

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“…Plant biomass is a specific type of material which in the course of the processing is usually refined into smaller fractions, as a result producing a significant amount of dust, adversely affecting the production area and equipment [14,15]. This is a dangerous phenomenon which in some circumstances may lead to an explosion or the self-ignition of dust, and therefore it is associated with a high fire risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of the Biomass Torrefaction Process on Selected Parameters of Dust Explosivity

et al. 2020

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This article presents the findings of a study investigating the explosion and combustion parameters of dust from the raw biomass of wheat straw and energy willow and from the products of biomass torrefaction generated at temperatures ranging from 220 to 300 °C. Agricultural waste and energy crops and their modifications, e.g., in the torrefaction process, did not find a place in explosive risk research, which the authors decided to present in their work. The study was designed to estimate explosion hazard during the processing of the materials into fuels and during the storage process. The measurements recorded a maximum explosion pressure Pmax in the case of dust from biomass ranging from 7.2 to 7.3 bar and for dust from torrefied materials amounting to 7.5–9.2 bar, and a maximum rate of pressure rise over time (dp/dt)max in raw biomass ranging from 201.4 to 261.3 bar/s and in torrefied materials amounting to 209.6–296.6 bar/s. The estimated explosion index Kstmax for raw biomass was 55–72 m*bar/s and for torrefied materials was in the range from 57 to 81 m*bar/s. In the results, the authors present values for specific types of fuel which differ significantly depending on the type of biomass. The research findings show that the torrefaction process used in fuel production is not associated with a significantly greater risk of explosion and the materials obtained may safely be used as an alternative to conventional solid fuels. Given the growing interest in the use of biomass and in the variety of biomass processing methods for energy-related purposes, it seems there is a need for research to develop appropriate guidelines and for effective practices to be introduced in the energy industry in order to ensure the safety of the processes used in the production of novel fuels especially in small installations converting these materials into more efficient energy material.

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“…Nevertheless, the use of biochar from Silphium perfoliatum phytoremediation is safe when high-temperature pyrolysis (750 • C) is used for production processes to reduce the leaching risk of potentially toxic metals such as Zn, Cd and Pb [99]. The use of Silphium perfoliatum as a renewable energy source to produce pellets and briquettes was also studied, particularly their quality and composition [82,[100][101][102].…”

Section: Utilization and Benefits/advantages Of Silphium Perfoliatummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other field research conducted in Dagestan (Russia), the highest biomass yield was harvested in the third year of growth (27.9 Mg ha −1 DM) and the lowest was in the fourth year of growth (21.7 Mg ha −1 DM) (sum of two harvests in June and the end of September to the beginning of October) [29]. Figure 3 presents the biomass yield of Silphium perfoliatum in the ten countries analyzed in the current review [13][14][15]17,20,27,29,33,36,41,54,86,99,102,[107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]. The lowest dry matter yield was found in a study from the USA (1.6 Mg ha −1 DM) and Lithuania (4.4 Mg ha −1 DM).…”

Section: Biomass Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silphium perfoliatum—A Herbaceous Crop with Increased Interest in Recent Years for Multi-Purpose Use

et al. 2020

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Silphium perfoliatum is a perennial crop native to North America that has been the subject of increased scientific interest in recent years, especially in Europe. It is drought- and frost-resistant, which makes it suitable for cultivation in Europe on marginal lands that are not used for growing other crops. This review analyzed the distribution and purposes of the cultivation of Silphium perfoliatum worldwide, as well as its biomass yields and characteristics as a feedstock for biogas production and other purposes. A total of 121 scientific publications on Silphium perfoliatum were identified, with the highest number (20 papers) published in 2019. It was found that higher biomass yields can be obtained at higher precipitation levels, with the use of fertilizers and an adequate type of plantation. The mean dry matter yield of Silphium perfoliatum was 13.3 Mg ha−1 DM (dry matter), and it ranged from 2 to over 32 Mg ha−1 DM. In some countries, Silphium is used as a forage crop mainly due to its high crude protein content (from 4.9% to 15% DM), depending on the vegetation phase. Silphium perfoliatum is a promising perennial crop in terms of energy and other benefits for biodiversity, soil quality and applications in medicine and pharmacology.

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Effect of Compaction Pressure and Moisture Content on Quality Parameters of Perennial Biomass Pellets

Cited by 43 publications

References 39 publications

Two Novel Energy Crops: Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and Silphium perfoliatum L.—State of Knowledge

Two Novel Energy Crops: Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and Silphium perfoliatum L.—State of Knowledge

Analysis of the Effect of the Biomass Torrefaction Process on Selected Parameters of Dust Explosivity

Silphium perfoliatum—A Herbaceous Crop with Increased Interest in Recent Years for Multi-Purpose Use

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