Effect of Compatibilizer on PLA/PP Blend for Injection Molding

Pivsa‐Art, Sommai; Kord-Sa-Ard, Jutamas; Pivsa‐Art, Weraporn; Wongpajan, Rutchaneekorn; O-Charoen, Narongchai; Pavasupree, Sorapong; Hamada, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.05.046

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar findings were found in the study carried out by Pivsa-Art et al who analyze PLA-PP blends, the incorporation of 20 wt.% of PLA into PP matrix caused a slight increase in tensile strength and Young’s modulus. However, to improve the mechanical properties of PLA-PP blends they used polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride as compatibilizer [ 27 ]. Regarding the PHB and TPS presence in the recycled PP, they caused the mechanical properties deterioration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, different studies of PP/bioplastics blends have been carried out using different compatibilizing agents. This is the case of PLA/PP blends, where studies have been conducted with different amounts of compatibilizing agents such as polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene-graft-maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MAH), these compatibilizers improve some properties such as impact strength, especially using a 3 phr of PP-g-MAH [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Studies have also been carried out on PP/TPS blends with different percentages of TPS, observing that the increase in TPS causes a decrease in tensile strength, elongation at break and MFI [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interference of Biodegradable Plastics in the Polypropylene Recycling Process

et al. 2018

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Recycling polymers is common due to the need to reduce the environmental impact of these materials. Polypropylene (PP) is one of the polymers called ‘commodities polymers’ and it is commonly used in a wide variety of short-term applications such as food packaging and agricultural products. That is why a large amount of PP residues that can be recycled are generated every year. However, the current increasing introduction of biodegradable polymers in the food packaging industry can negatively affect the properties of recycled PP if those kinds of plastics are disposed with traditional plastics. For this reason, the influence that generates small amounts of biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) in the recycled PP were analyzed in this work. Thus, recycled PP was blended with biodegradables polymers by melt extrusion followed by injection moulding process to simulate the industrial conditions. Then, the obtained materials were evaluated by studding the changes on the thermal and mechanical performance. The results revealed that the vicat softening temperature is negatively affected by the presence of biodegradable polymers in recycled PP. Meanwhile, the melt flow index was negatively affected for PLA and PHB added blends. The mechanical properties were affected when more than 5 wt.% of biodegradable polymers were present. Moreover, structural changes were detected when biodegradable polymers were added to the recycled PP by means of FTIR, because of the characteristic bands of the carbonyl group (between the band 1700–1800 cm−1) appeared due to the presence of PLA, PHB or TPS. Thus, low amounts (lower than 5 wt.%) of biodegradable polymers can be introduced in the recycled PP process without affecting the overall performance of the final material intended for several applications, such as food packaging, agricultural films for farming and crop protection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of Biodegradable Plastics in the Polypropylene Recycling Process

et al. 2018

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“…38,39 This stable structure leads to an increase in the tensile strength for PA11/PP/PP-g-MA (sample [5][6][7][8]. 43 The tensile properties such as modulus and tensile strength of any blend are a function of its molecular orientation and the crystallinity of the blend. PHB phase in PA11/PHB/PP disperse the PP chain uniformly within the structure of PA11 through coalescence mechanism.…”

Section: Chemical Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This space allows the chain rotation within the plane and induces elasticity in the structure. 43 The tensile properties such as modulus and tensile strength of any blend are a function of its molecular orientation and the crystallinity of the blend. If the blended chain is oriented in one direction, then the higher tensile properties will be achieved in that direction.…”

Section: Barrier Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approach for the preparation of a compatibilized blend of nylon 11 and polypropylene with polyhydroxybutyrate: Mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties

Gadgeel

Mhaske

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This article comprises of the interaction in the immiscible polymer system of nylon 11 (PA 11), polypropylene (PP), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Reactive compatibilization extrusion method with maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) is used to achieve compatibility within the polymer. To further improve the interaction of the blend at interphase, PHB was added as a dispersive phase in a concentration varying from 10 to 40% of the total batch. Addition of PHB motives the excellent dispersion of PP chain in PA 11 and assures the compatibility between the phases of PA 11 and PP-g-MA. The entire system of tertiary and binary phases was blended in a twin-screw extruder at different composition. The macro-optimal tensile strength, Young's modulus, bending strength, and notched impact strength of PA11/PP systems were found to be superior as compared to their noncompatibilized systems. The degradation temperature of the blends of PA11/PP and PA11/PHB/PP with and without compatibilizer was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that the high temperature of degradation was required for compatibilized ternary blend than that of the compatibilized binary blend. The distortion temperature of the systems was studied with the help of heat deflection temperature (HDT) and found to be advanced for blend having a higher concentration of the dispersed phase. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the % crystallinity, melting, and crystallization temperature of this system. Chemical resistance and barrier properties of the different compatibilized and noncompatibilized blends were studied. PHB dispersed phase with a reactive compatibilizer cause enhancement in chemical resistance and barrier properties of the blend.

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“…However, the lack of specific interactions between the components in a filled PP/PLA blend leads to undesirable properties. To overcome this problem, a compatibilizer is usually added to the system that has major impact on morphology, localization of nanoclay, and various properties such as mechanical behavior, electrical properties, processing condition, and especially thermal performance and degradation behavior of the system . The investigation of degradation processes in a multicomponent polymer nanocomposite is more complex than that of single‐component systems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental and theoretical mechanistic analysis of thermal degradation of polypropylene/polylactic acid/clay nanocomposites

Karimpour‐Motlagh

Khonakdar

Jafari

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Polypropylene/polylactic acid (PP/PLA) blends containing 5 wt% of nanoclay in presence and absence of an ethylene‐butylacrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer as compatibilizer were prepared by melt‐mixing process. A matrix‐droplet–type morphology confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies is formed in presence and absence of the compatibilizer in which the clay platelets were mainly localized in the polylactic acid (PLA) dispersed phase. Degradation studies by means of thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and analysis of degradation activation energy (Ea), Tmax (maximum degradation temperature), and ΔT (difference between initial and final degradation temperatures) parameters for each polymer component of the system revealed that incorporation of less stable PLA phase to polypropylene (PP) decreases Ea and Tmax parameters, and hence, reduces the thermal stability of PP phase, while incorporation of clay nanoplatelets to the neat blend further reduces its thermal stability attributed to their lack of localization in PP phase. Compatibilization of the filled system results in migration of clay nanoplatelets toward PP and improves Ea and Tmax of PP phase. On the other hand, the Ea and Tmax of PLA phase of the blend were increased with incorporation of clay and its localization within that phase, while compatibilization of the filled system slightly reduces thermal stability of PLA phase due to migration of clay toward PP. A correlation was found between Ea and intensity of the thermogravimetry analysis Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA‐FTIR) peaks of the evolved products. Using the Criado method, a detailed analysis on degradation mechanism of each component was performed, and the changes in the degradation mechanism of the developed systems were determined.

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Effect of Compatibilizer on PLA/PP Blend for Injection Molding

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

Interference of Biodegradable Plastics in the Polypropylene Recycling Process

Interference of Biodegradable Plastics in the Polypropylene Recycling Process

Novel approach for the preparation of a compatibilized blend of nylon 11 and polypropylene with polyhydroxybutyrate: Mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties

An experimental and theoretical mechanistic analysis of thermal degradation of polypropylene/polylactic acid/clay nanocomposites

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