Aim
This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to identify return to play (RTP) rates following Achilles tendon rupture and evaluate what measures are used to determine RTP.
Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies were assessed for risk of bias and grouped based on repeatability of their measure of RTP determination.
Data Sources
PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched to identify potentially relevant articles.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies
Studies reporting return to play/sport/sport activity in acute, closed Achilles tendon rupture were included.
Results
A total of 108 studies encompassing 6,506 patients were included for review. Eighty-five studies included a measure for determining RTP. The rate of RTP in all studies was 80% (CI95%: 75 – 85%). Studies with measures describing determination of RTP reported lower rates than studies without metrics described, with rates being significantly different between groups (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Eighty percent of patients returned to play following Achilles tendon rupture, however, the return to play rates are dependent on the quality of the method used to measure RTP. To further understand RTP after Achilles tendon rupture, a standardised, reliable, and valid method is required.