Effect of composite biodegradable biomaterials on wound healing in diabetes

Abstract

The repair of diabetic wounds has always been a job that doctors could not tackle quickly in plastic surgery. To solve this problem, it has become an important direction to use biocompatible biodegradable biomaterials as scaffolds or dressing loaded with a variety of active substances or cells, to construct a wound repair system integrating materials, cells, and growth factors. In terms of wound healing, composite biodegradable biomaterials show strong biocompatibility and the ability to promote wound healing. This review describes the multifaceted integration of biomaterials with drugs, stem cells, and active agents. In wounds, stem cells and their secreted exosomes regulate immune responses and inflammation. They promote angiogenesis, accelerate skin cell proliferation and re-epithelialization, and regulate collagen remodeling that inhibits scar hyperplasia. In the process of continuous combination with new materials, a series of materials that can be well matched with active ingredients such as cells or drugs are derived for precise delivery and controlled release of drugs. The ultimate goal of material development is clinical transformation. At present, the types of materials for clinical application are still relatively single, and the bottleneck is that the functions of emerging materials have not yet reached a stable and effective degree. The development of biomaterials that can be further translated into clinical practice will become the focus of research.

Mechanism of damage of HIF-1 signaling in chronic diabetic foot ulcers and its related therapeutic perspectives

“…Examples of composite biomaterials include PCL-HA Nanofiber scaffold and SF-PCL. Composite materials offer a combination of the desired characteristics of their constituent materials, such as improved mechanical strength or antibacterial properties [ 38 ].…”

“…However, its permeability to gases limits its use on infected wounds. Therefore, it is not wise to use hydrogel dressings alone to treat diabetic wounds [ 38 ]. Hydrogels combined with drugs also have good potential for application in skin regeneration and wound healing.…”

Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing and its treatments

“…They can promote more organized ECM deposition and reduce excessive fibrosis during the healing process. By being biodegradable and biocompatible, keratin-based biomaterials are suitable for various wound healing applications, including in diabetic patients with compromised healing capacity ( Table 2 ) ( 238 ).…”

Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Diabetic Wound Healing

“…They are immunogenic in nature, possess poor mechanical strength, and are soluble in acidic solvents. Poly (amino acids) based nanofibrous scaffolds, such as poly-aspartic acid, poly-lysine, poly-arginine etc., often blended with other polymeric biomaterials, have been studied and shown to have good biocompatibility and improve diabetic wound healing [ 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”