Effect of Composted Organic Waste on Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Energy Value

Zając, Mariola; Skrajna, Teresa

doi:10.3390/en17112532

Energies

2024

DOI: 10.3390/en17112532

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Effect of Composted Organic Waste on Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Energy Value

Mariola Zając,

Teresa Skrajna

Abstract: At the time of rising urbanization and population growth, the search for renewable energy sources to ensure sustainable development is of extreme importance. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of different proportions of composted organic materials, i.e., mushroom substrate and municipal waste, on Chinese silver grass (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson) energy value. A three-year field experiment was established on experimental plots in the east-central part of Poland. Various treatment combinat… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications

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Case Study on High and Medium Yielding Perennial Energy Crops, Miscanthus × Giganteus Anders. and Elymus Elongatus (Host) Runemark, 10-years Cultivation Impact on Main Soil Chemical Properties

Porvaz,

Tóth,

Dupľák

et al. 2024

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

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The aim of the research was to determine the effect of 10 years of growing the perennial energy grasses giant silvergrass (GS) and tall wheatgrass (TW) on the content of main soil nutrients, under differentiated nutrition intensity. The following nutrition treatments were monitored: intensive 120 kg/ha N per year (T1), semi-intensive 60 kg/ha N per year (T2), and untreated control (T3), whereby on both treatments T1 and T2 a dose of 30 kg/ha P and 30 kg/ha K was applied before the establishment of crop stands. The small-plot experiment was conducted in soil-climatic conditions of the East Slovak Lowland on heavy Fluvic gleysol in 2013. Over the monitored 10-year period, the cumulative dry matter yield was 266.6; 212.9; 163.2 t/ha at GS, in the order of T1-T2-T3, and 120.5; 96.6; 70.2 t/ha at TW, respectively. The change status (final state of autumn 2022 vs. initial of autumn 2012) of soil main chemical parameters (total nitrogen, and available phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium content; exchange soil reaction; organic carbon and humus content; and carbon/nitrogen ratio were followed) was crop specific in general, as strongly influenced by the nutrition intensity and by crop cumulative yield as well. Total nitrogen content in soil was changed as follows: +216; +167; +207 kg/ha at GS, and +306; +230; +90 kg/ha at TW, in the order of T1-T2-T3, while soil organic carbon content: +2.036; +1.883; +1.631 t/ha at GS, and +2.743; +2.104; +1.105 t/ha at TW, respectively. The change status of further parameters was positive/negative in ratio of 17/19, thus 29/19 in total.

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Case Study on High and Medium Yielding Perennial Energy Crops, Miscanthus × Giganteus Anders. and Elymus Elongatus (Host) Runemark, 10-years Cultivation Impact on Main Soil Chemical Properties

Porvaz,

Tóth,

Dupľák

et al. 2024

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

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An Investigation on a Comprehensive Calibration Technique to Determine the Discrete Elemental Characteristics of Unrotted Sheep Dung at Varying Water Concentrations

Wang,

Ren,

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the problem of the substantial variability in water content in unrotted sheep dung, which leads to a lack of universality and practicality in calibrating its discrete element simulation parameters. The stacking angle was used as the response value in these experiments. The objective of this study was to establish precise simulation parameters for the composting process. A model for water content-stacking angle was established using the cylinder-lifting technique, resulting in a correlation value of 0.997. Utilizing the Hertz–Mindlin with JKR bonding model, three EDEM particle models were developed, each with distinct particle sizes, based on the particle size distribution of sheep dung. The JKR surface energy was determined using the Plackett–Burman test, the steepest-climbing test, and the Box–Behnken test using a set of 10 parameters. A subsequent study was conducted on the JKR surface energy, rolling friction factor, and static friction factor utilizing the Plackett–Burman test and Box–Behnken test. A parameter model for stacking angle–discrete elements was developed that achieved a p-value below 0.0001 and a relative inaccuracy of 3.46% or less. The regression model for the water content–discrete element parameter was derived by combining the water content–stacking angle model with the stacking angle–discrete element parameter model. Validation of this model was conducted using both the pumping plate technique and the hopper approach, resulting in a relative error of 4.89% or less. The findings demonstrate that the specific characteristics of sheep manure may be accurately anticipated by considering its water content. This approach offers a valid and universally applicable way of predicting the specific characteristics of sheep dung in the simulation of composting equipment.

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Design and Testing of a Small-Scale Composting Facility for Sheep Manure Utilizing Aeration and Thermal Treatment

Wang,

Ren,

Zhang

2024

Agriculture

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Inner Mongolia has the largest sheep population among China’s provinces, resulting in the production of a substantial amount of sheep manure. If left untreated, this manure can contribute to environmental pollution. However, sheep manure serves a dual purpose: it can be both a pollutant and a valuable source of organic fertilizer. Consequently, there is an urgent need to address the environmental issues arising from manure accumulation and its unused status. In this paper, a viable solution is proposed: the conversion of manure into fertilizer through a composting unit incorporating high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology. This unit, tailored for small farms and individual farmers, integrates critical functions such as ventilation, heating, and turning. Additionally, it boasts excellent thermal insulation, enhancing composting efficiency and enabling precise control over fermentation conditions. This design mitigates heat loss and accelerates maturation, addressing common challenges in traditional composting. The design process encompassed both equipment construction and control systems, with a primary focus on compost fermentation and aeration heating. The components were carefully designed or selected based on theoretical analysis and subsequently validated using simulation software, including EDEM and Fluent. The control system seamlessly integrates a touch screen interface, PLC programming, and control circuits to manage air pumps and electric heaters in response to changes in temperature and oxygen concentration. Furthermore, it controls the motors during the recovery phase. A comprehensive performance evaluation was conducted, revealing notable improvements. Under artificially heated conditions, the maximum temperature of the compost increased by approximately 20 °C, the composting cycle was reduced by roughly 4 days, and the seed germination index (GI) rose by about 9% when compared to natural fermentation. Thus, this device significantly accelerates composting and improves fertilizer quality by increasing the decomposition rate.

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Effect of Composted Organic Waste on Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Energy Value

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Case Study on High and Medium Yielding Perennial Energy Crops, Miscanthus × Giganteus Anders. and Elymus Elongatus (Host) Runemark, 10-years Cultivation Impact on Main Soil Chemical Properties

Case Study on High and Medium Yielding Perennial Energy Crops, Miscanthus × Giganteus Anders. and Elymus Elongatus (Host) Runemark, 10-years Cultivation Impact on Main Soil Chemical Properties

An Investigation on a Comprehensive Calibration Technique to Determine the Discrete Elemental Characteristics of Unrotted Sheep Dung at Varying Water Concentrations

Design and Testing of a Small-Scale Composting Facility for Sheep Manure Utilizing Aeration and Thermal Treatment

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