The aim of this work is to understand the influence of type of (short) carbon fibers, processing conditions and fiber incorporation level on the rheological behavior of carbon fiber/polypropylene (PP) composites. For this purpose, two types of fibers (sub-micron Vapor Grown Carbon Fibers, VGCF, and ex-PAN, PAN), three different extruder screw geometries and three different fiber incorporation contents were studied. The rheological characterization was performed by means of capillary and rotational rheometry, results being presented and discussed in terms of reinforcing capability in both shear (steady and oscillatory) and extensional flows. The results show that VGCF have a generally higher influence on the rheological behavior of the composites than the PAN fibers. However, because of their higher intrinsic rigidity, PAN fibers give rise to composites with better mechanical properties than the VGCF ones. It is also shown that the influence of the screw geometry on fiber damage and, consequently, on the behavior of the composites, is weak, fiber degradation occurring mainly in the compounding stage. The incorporation level has the expected influence, i.e., it produces gradual changes in all the properties considered in this study
. INTRODUCTIONhe use of carbon fibers in the production of poly-T mer composites for high-technology applications is increasing rapidly because of their good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Short fibers, in particular, have the additional advantage of being able to be processed using conventional processing techniques, such as extrusion and injection molding. In industrial applications, the more commonly used short fibers are ex-PAN and pitch-based. Sub-micron Vapor Grown Carbon Fibers (VGCF) have a low potential production cost but, as of yet, have not large scale industrial applications partly due to the existence of few studies dedicated to the understanding of the behavior of their composites and optimization of their applica tions (1-3). This work is part of a broader project aiming to assess the potentialities of these fibers.The reinforcing capability of short fibers depends on their intrinsic mechanical properties, aspect ratio, incorporation content, fiber/matrix interaction and processing conditions. Therefore, in this study another *Comesponding author. type of fibers (ex-PAN based) is also considered-for comparative purposes-composites having been produced using two different thermoplastic matrices (polypropylene, PP, and polycarbonate, PC), several fiber incorporation levels, two processing technologies (extrusion and injection molding] and three different screw extruder geometries during the compounding (extrusion) stage. In particular, this work focuses on the influence of these parameters on the rheological properties of the final composites.The present paper (Part I of the work) discusses the influence of fiber incorporation levels, processing technology and geometry on the rheological properties of VGCF and ex-PAN composites using a PP matrix, leaving the...