Effect of concentration polarization on electrodialytic concentrating of dilute NaCl and NH4NO3 solutions

Заболоцкий, В. И.; Pis’menskii, V. F.; Demina, O. A.; Novák, Luboš

doi:10.1134/s1023193513060153

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The MK-40 membrane consists of KU-2 ion exchange resin based on divinylbenzene crosslinked polystyrene and polyethylene as the inert binder. This membrane is designed for the solution treatment by electrodialysis [ 33 , 34 ]. The membrane is reinforced by the caprone fabric to impart mechanical strength.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permselectivity of Cation Exchange Membranes Modified by Polyaniline

Фалина

Loza

et al. 2021

Membranes

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This work discusses the applicability of polyaniline-modified cation exchange membranes for the separation of monovalent/divalent cations by electrodialysis. A novel method of membrane modification directly in the electrodialysis unit is used to prepare permselective membranes. Complex characterization of the membranes before and after modification allows revealing the influence of membrane matrix on the modification efficiency. The characterization of the membranes includes determination of the diffusion permeability, specific conductivity and current–voltage curves in HCl, NaCl and CaCl2 solutions, as well as transport-structural parameters of the extended three-wire model. The characterization results are used to predict the influence of the modification on membrane permselectivity. The competitive mass transfer of singly and doubly charged cations in the electrodialysis process is investigated in underlimiting and overlimiting currents. Electrodialysis desalination of a solution containing Na+/Ca2+ or H+/Ca2+ cations shows that the modification leads to an increase in membrane permselectivity to single-charged cations due to the repulsion of Ca2+ ions from the positively charged membrane surface. The permselectivity of the polyaniline-modified perfluorinated membrane to H+ in the mixture of H+/Ca2+ cations is observed in all current regimes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permselectivity of Cation Exchange Membranes Modified by Polyaniline

Фалина

Loza

et al. 2021

Membranes

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“…As a result, more ions, including monovalent and divalent ions, are continuously forced through the membrane leading to less ion retention. Still, the larger ions, Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ , are abundant in the permeate collected [ 45 ]. In short, concentration polarization will more likely occur in lower pH value and lower pressure, and salt leakage will potentially happen in this phenomenon when increased pressure is applied [ 4 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Separation from Geothermal Brine to Develop Critical Energy Resources Using High-Pressure Nanofiltration Technology: Characterization and Optimization

et al. 2023

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There is a shift from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles (EVs), with the primary goal of reducing CO2 emissions from road transport. Battery technology is at the heart of this transition as it is vital to hybrid and fully electric vehicles’ performance, affordability, and reliability. However, it is not abundant in nature. Lithium has many uses, one of which is heat transfer applications; synthesized as an alloying agent for batteries, glass, and ceramics, it therefore has a high demand on the global market. Lithium can be attained by extraction from other natural resources in igneous rocks, in the waters of mineral springs, and geothermal brine. During the research, geothermal brine was used because, from the technological point of view, geothermal brine contains higher lithium content than other resources such as seawater. The nanofiltration separation process was operated using various solutions of pH 5, 7, and 10 at high pressures. The varying pressures are 11, 13, and 15 bar. The nanofiltration method was used as the separation process. High pressure of inert nitrogen gas was used to supply the driving force to separate lithium from other ions and elements in the sample. The research results supported the selected parameters where higher pressure and pH provided more significant lithium recovery but were limited by concentration polarization. The optimal operating conditions for lithium recovery in this research were obtained at a pH of 10 under a pressure of 15 bar, with the highest lithium recovery reaching more than 75%.

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“…Conventional application of electromembrane technologies for desalination of environmental water and industrial solutions has lately been ever more fre quently accompanied by electrodialysis to achieve the limiting concentration of electrolytes from aqueous and aqueous-organic exhausted processing solutions, mineralized natural water and effluent water [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. It is known [8,9] that efficiency of electromembrane processes can be estimated using electrodiffusion coefficients calculated on the basis of two concentra tion dependences, one of which is the concentration dependence of conductivity of the ion-exchange membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model description of conductivity of ion–exchange membranes in a wide range of concentrations of electrolyte solution

2015

Self Cite

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The possibility of applying the exponential and power equations of Lichtenecker for theoretical estimation of conductivity of ion-exchange membranes in a wide range of concentrations of equilibrium solutions is discussed on the basis of the experimentally obtained concentration dependences of conductivity for different types of ion-exchange membranes of Russian and foreign origin. It is shown that model param eters determined on the basis of experimental data on membrane conductivity obtained in the range of dilute solutions or any other concentration range according to the specific options of the measurement technique can be used to calculate conductivity of membranes in concentrated solutions.

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Effect of concentration polarization on electrodialytic concentrating of dilute NaCl and NH4NO3 solutions

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Permselectivity of Cation Exchange Membranes Modified by Polyaniline

Permselectivity of Cation Exchange Membranes Modified by Polyaniline

Lithium Separation from Geothermal Brine to Develop Critical Energy Resources Using High-Pressure Nanofiltration Technology: Characterization and Optimization

Model description of conductivity of ion–exchange membranes in a wide range of concentrations of electrolyte solution

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