Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on mortality in moderate-to-severely Ill COVID-19 patients

Agrawal, Akanksha; Jha, Tanvi; Gogoi, Pranjal; Diwaker, Preeti; Goel, Ashish; Khan, Amir Maroof; Saxena, Ashok Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2022.103455

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, passive transfer of RBD-specific antibodies prevented body weight loss and mortality in mice with SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation [ 6 ]. The cases of successful convalescent serum therapy also support the importance of specific antibody induction in protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced complications [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain-Specific Antibody Induction on Neutrophil-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

Bolkhovitina

Vavilova

Bogorodskiy

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Vaccination protects against COVID-19 via the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody formation, but it also affects the innate immunity. The effects of specific antibody induction on neutrophils that can cause severe respiratory inflammation are important, though not completely investigated. In the present study, using a mouse model mimicking SARS-CoV-2 virus particle inhalation, we investigated neutrophil phenotype and activity alterations in the presence of RBD-specific antibodies. Mice were immunized with RBD and a week after a strong antibody response establishment received 100 nm particles in the RBD solution. Control mice received injections of a phosphate buffer instead of RBD. We show that the application of 100 nm particles in the RBD solution elevates neutrophil recruitment to the blood and the airways of RBD-immunized mice rather than in control mice. Analysis of bone marrow cells of mice with induced RBD-specific antibodies revealed the increased population of CXCR2+CD101+ neutrophils. These neutrophils did not demonstrate an enhanced ability of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation compared to the neutrophils from control mice. Thus, the induction of RBD-specific antibodies stimulates the activation of mature neutrophils that react to RBD-coated particles without triggering excessive inflammation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain-Specific Antibody Induction on Neutrophil-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

Bolkhovitina

Vavilova

Bogorodskiy

et al. 2022

IJMS

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show abstract

“…In the case of COVID-19, the treatment mechanism is antibody-mediated targeting of the ACE2 receptor among other viral antigens, a common target for antiviral drugs used to treat COVID-19. A notable use of CP includes the Spanish flu, Ebola, and now in the treatment of COVID-19, particularly in high-risk patients [ 64 , 65 ]. CP is administered by using plasma containing antibodies against disease-specific antigens, among other immune and coagulation products obtained from an affected patient, and transferring it to a patient whose immune system has not had enough time to develop a humoral response [ 66 ].…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Hematological Complications and Treatment in COVID-19

Yazdani,

Abdi,

Velpuri

et al. 2023

Hematology Reports

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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, and its variants have spread rapidly across the globe in the past few years, resulting in millions of deaths worldwide. Hematological diseases and complications associated with COVID-19 severely impact the mortality and morbidity rates of patients; therefore, there is a need for oversight on what pharmaceutical therapies are prescribed to hematologically at-risk patients. Thrombocytopenia, hemoglobinemia, leukopenia, and leukocytosis are all seen at increased rates in patients infected with COVID-19 and become more prominent in patients with severe COVID-19. Further, COVID-19 therapeutics may be associated with hematological complications, and this became more important in immunocompromised patients with hematological conditions as they are at higher risk of hematological complications after treatment. Thus, it is important to understand and treat COVID-19 patients with underlying hematological conditions with caution. Hematological changes during COVID-19 infection and treatment are important because they may serve as biomarkers as well as to evaluate the treatment response, which will help in changing treatment strategies. In this literature review, we discuss the hematological complications associated with COVID-19, the mechanisms, treatment groups, and adverse effects of commonly used COVID-19 therapies, followed by the hematological adverse events that could arise due to therapeutic agents used in COVID-19.

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Evaluation of the efficacy of convalescent plasma in moderate to severe COVID-19 during 2020-2021: a retrospective observational study

Kumar,

Mehra,

Sircar

et al. 2024

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis

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Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is one of the treatment modalities used for COVID-19. Initial smaller studies showed the usefulness of CPT in COVID-19, but larger studies showed that it is not effective. This is a retrospective observational study conducted between 1st June 2020 and 31st July 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Noida, India. Our analysis was done on 213 COVID-19 patients, comprising 170 cases who were given convalescent plasma and 43 controls who did not get CPT. Outcomes analyzed were improvement in PaO2:FiO2 ratio (PFR) by day 5 of CPT, 28-day mortality, and level of inflammatory markers. Mean PFR before plasma transfusion was comparable between CPT and control groups (142.11±73.99 vs. 151.11±88.87, p=0.56). There was no significant difference in mean PFR after 5 days of CPT between cases and the control group (187.02±102.34 vs. 160.29±83.39, p=0.206). 28-day mortality was 47.05% in the CPT group and 37.20% in the control group (p=0.246). Mortality amongst the subgroup of patients on invasive mechanical ventilation was 89.74% in cases and 80% in controls (p=0.518). No significant difference was found in levels of serum ferritin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein between the two groups. Convalescent plasma does not have a significant effect on day 5 PFR and 28-day mortality. Our study could not find any subgroup of patients who would benefit from CPT. This study reinforces that CPT does not benefit moderate to severe patients with COVID-19.

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Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on mortality in moderate-to-severely Ill COVID-19 patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Short-Term Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain-Specific Antibody Induction on Neutrophil-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

Short-Term Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain-Specific Antibody Induction on Neutrophil-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

A Review of Hematological Complications and Treatment in COVID-19

Evaluation of the efficacy of convalescent plasma in moderate to severe COVID-19 during 2020-2021: a retrospective observational study

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