Effect of copper sulfate on the survival and growth performance of Caspian Sea kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum

Abstract

The aim of present study was to determine the LC50/96 h value of copper sulfate and determine the growth performance of Caspian Sea kutum) Rutilus frisii kutum (fingerlings during 60-days sub-lethal copper (Cu). After acclimation period to two weeks, for determine the LC50/96 h value, total of 27 aquarium with a capacity of 60 L each stocked with 10 fishes an aquarium. Tunney four aquarium and 8 concentrations of (Cu) composed the 24 treatments while 3 other aquaria were used as control. For each treatment, three replications were conducted. And experiment to determine the growth performance fish were transferred into fiberglass aquaria of 200 L water capacity for growth trials. The treated fish were kept in the aquarium containing sub-lethal concentrations of Cu (0.11 and 0.23 mg L-1) and affected to grow for 60 days, while control fish were placed in metal free water. The results indicated that median lethal concentrations (LC50) of copper to Caspian Sea kutum for 96 h exposure was 2.310 ppm. The chronic sub-lethal water-borne Cu exposure to the fish exerted that fish had significantly decreased final body weight in comparison to control group. The copper sulfate also had significant negative effects on specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) in comparison to those fed the control group. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) and condition factor (CF) were significantly increased in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). Also survival rate in experimental treatments in comparison with control group, was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The treated fish exhibited significantly lower body weight and length gains than that of control. The increments of fish weights, fork and total lengths, condition factor, feed intake and condition factor of treated and control fish varied significantly during study period. Hence, concluded that copper sulfate is toxic for Caspian sea kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum).

The Comparison of Acute Toxicity (96h) of Copper (CuSO4) in Cyprinus Carpio and Rutilus Rutilus

“…Aquatic systems are exposed to a number of pollutants that are mainly released from effluents discharged from industries, sewage treatment plants and drainage from urban and agricultural areas. These pollutants cause serious damage to aquatic life (Gharedaashi et al, 2013).…”

“…Heavy metal contamination usually causes depletion in feed utilization in fish and such disturbance may result in reduced fish metabolic rate and hence causing reduction in their growth (Gharedaashi et al, 2013). Growth is a sensitive and reliable endpoint in chronic toxicological investigations.…”

“…It has an important role in metabolism and its concentration is well regulated. However, Cu is one of the most toxic metals to fish and affects various blood parameters, growth, behavior, enzyme activity, and reproduction (Gharedaashi, Nekoubin, Imanpoor & Taghizadeh, 2013). Copper toxicity occurs when a specific amount of metal binds to physiologically active biological membranes, generally outcompeting cations injuring the physiological mechanism.…”

“…It is known that copper bioavailability and toxicity occur when the amount of copper in water exceeds the combined capability of dissolved organic matter (DOC) to bind metal, cations to outcompete the metal for binding to the biotic ligand, water chemistry to transform the metal to non-toxic species, particulate organic carbon (POC) to absorb the metal, and mineral particles to incorporate the metal into their matrix (Martinsi & Bianchini, 2008). Fish is an indicator to measure the freshwater contamination by heavy metals because they occupy different trophic levels in an aquatic ecosystem (Gharedaashi et al, 2013, Imanpour et al, 2011. LC50 is the biological index of 50% mortality in an ex-posed population.…”

Histopathological and hematological biomarkers in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) from an environmental protection area of Maranhão, Brazil

“…These results entrench the influence of potentially contaminated environments on the zootechnical performance of these animals. The presence of transition metals such as iron, copper, zinc, and cobalt in aquatic environments are considered essential elements of biological processes; however, concentrations above the required level of these elements lead to organic dysfunctions including lack of appetite, reduced growth and stress (Gharedaashi et al, 2013).…”