Effect of cortisol and triiodothyronine bath treatments on the digestive enzyme profile and growth ofCatla catlalarvae during ontogenic development

Abstract

Digestive enzyme profile is a good indicator of the nutritional and health status of the fish. The present investigation aims to evaluate the effect of exogenous bath treatment of hormones, cortisol and triiodothyronine, on the digestive enzyme activities and growth of carp Catla catla (Ham.) during ontogenic development. Catla larvae (4 days old) were given bath treatment with cortisol (hydrocortisone, 0.2 mg L À1 ), 3,5,3 0 -triiodothyronine (T3, 2.5 mg L À1 ) and a combination of cortisol and T3 for 30 min. Digestive enzyme profile was recorded on every third day and was continued for 30 days. Larvae were fed with live food for initial 14 days and then weaned to mix feeding of live food and prepared diet. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher amylase, total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, chitinase and chitinobiase activities were found in the hormone-treated groups compared to the control one during ontogenic development. Among the treated groups, amylase activity was highest in cortisol-treated larvae. Total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, chitinase and chitinobiase activities were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in larvae exposed at combined treatment of cortisol and T3 compared to the other two groups in most sampling days. Average length, weight and specific growth rate of treated larvae were higher compared to the control one. The combined bath treatment of cortisol and triiodothyronine influenced the digestive enzyme activities of catla larvae and thereby enhanced the growth at early developmental stage. This helps the larvae to overcome the problems associated with early developmental stage.

Effect of prenatal glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones on developmental plasticity of mitochondrial aerobic metabolism, growth and survival: an experimental test in wild great tits

“…Finally, we tested if GC and TH hormones had interactions, 4 of 42 such as synergistic effects, affecting offspring mitochondrial function, growth and survival (Brown et al, 2014). For instance, it has been shown that postnatal supplementation with THs and GC has synergistic effects on growth (Khangembam et al, 2017). Yet, directional predictions about the effects of prenatal hormones are very difficult to make considering 1. the likely environmental-dependence of their cost-benefit balance, 2. the existence of non-linear dose-responses and 3. the fact that embryos are not passive receivers of maternal hormones but can manipulate such signals (Groothuis et al, 2019).…”

Effects of incubation and chick rearing on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, and mRNA expression of nutrient transporter genes in the pigeon (Columba livia) under artificial farming conditions

“…The higher crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum in parental pigeons during the early chick-rearing period was found in the present study; therefore, an increased proportion of immature cells in the epithelium could be a reason for the lower specific activities of at least some enzymes ( de Both and Plaisier, 1974 , Willing and Kessel, 2009 ). Intestinal adaptation in different breeding stages was speculated to be regulated by specific hormones ( Baksheev and Fuller, 2000 ), such as glucocorticoids, cortisol, and triiodothyronine, which were already found to affect the digestive enzymes in animals ( Chapple et al., 1989 ; Khangembam et al., 2017 ). Our previous study showed that the prolactin concentration rapidly reached the peak value in both sexes on the first day of chick-rearing, but the estradiol concentration in female pigeons remained low until the late chick-rearing period ( Xie et al., 2018 ).…”