Effect of Cosmos caudatus (Ulam raja) supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Wong

2017

JNR

In Southeast Asia, ulam herbs are consumed raw as a condiment. It is believed that these herbs have medicinal benefits and their regular intake can prevent degenerative diseases, delay aging and improve overall health. In this review, the current knowledge on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Oenanthe javanica (water dropwort) and Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos) is updated with some descriptions of their botany and uses. Water dropwort has constituents of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids, notably, persicarin and isorhamnetin. Antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing, melanogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-arrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, neurogenesis, alcohol detoxification, antitoxic, anti-coagulant, hepatoprotective, anti-hepatitis B virus and memory improvement are pharmacological properties of water dropwort. Wild cosmos, with flavonoids, phenolic acids and diterpenoids as major metabolites, possesses antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-quorum sensing, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, hepatoprotective, detoxification, anti-osteoporosis and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. There are several patents on some of the pharmacological properties of water dropwort while a clinical trial has been conducted on the anti-diabetic effects of wild cosmos. Both these ulam herbs possess a wide array of pharmacological properties, which confer their traditional uses as food and medicine.

Section: Clinical Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulam Herbs of Oenanthe javanica and Cosmos caudatus: an overview on their Medicinal Properties

Wong

2017

JNR

“…146,147 Clinical trials for evaluating antidiabetic activities have also been conducted. 148,149 Other bioactivities are the prevention of osteoporosis, 150,151 antiobesity, 152 prevention of atherosclerosis, and antioxidants. 153 The compounds with antioxidant activity are proanthocyanidins.…”

Section: Cosmos Caudatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesian Medicinal Plants with Anti-inflammatory Properties and Potency as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Herbal Medicine

Rahminiwati¹,

Trivadila²,

Iswantini³

et al. 2022

Pharmacogn. J.

Indonesia is a tropical country with mega-biodiversity. Several medicinal plants locally have been recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties and are traditionally used to help treat respiratory diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the diseases known as the high cause of death globally, and one of the treatment efforts is by using anti-inflammatory drugs. In developing alternative remedies for COPD, this review summarizes the potential of Indonesian medicinal plants and their ingredients known to have an anti-inflammatory activity to develop alternative remedies for COPD. Primarily, we focus on the medicinal plants that have been scientifically proven to pose some biological activities, such as legetan warak (Adenostemma lavenia), celery (Apium graveolens), pegagan (Centella asiatica), kenikir (Cosmos caudatus), and kersen (Muntingia calabura). This review is expected to provide more information about Indonesian medicinal plants and their potencies to be developed as COPD herbal medicine and, further, as a treatment to help patients suffering from coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cosmos caudatus ( C. caudatus ) is a small plant belonging to the Asteraceae family 1 . In Southeast Asia countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, the plant is usually consumed as food and used in traditional folk medicine 1 , 2 . The leaves and shoots can be eaten raw as a side dish with meals as well as for other culinary purposes 2 , 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have demonstrated that the extract has more powerful antioxidant properties contrasted to some tropical fruits, herbs, and vegetables 10 , 11 . In addition, the plant is also rich in vitamins (B1, B2, C and β-carotene), minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, sodium and copper) and is low in calories 1 , 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing recovery of bioactive compounds from Cosmos caudatus leaves via ultrasonic extraction

Latiff

Ong

Rashid

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Cosmos caudatus (C. caudatus) is a medicinal plant that is high in bioactive compounds such as phenolics. In this study, an ultrasound extraction method was used to optimise the extraction of bioactive compounds from C. caudatus leaves. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to obtain the optimum extraction parameters which is solid–liquid ratio (10–30 g/mL), particle size (180–850 µm) and extraction time (20–30 min) for maximal quercitrin and total phenolic content (TPC) yields. Analysis of antimicrobial activity was performed against two human pathogenic microbes: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the agar well diffusion method. The optimal ultrasonic extraction condition was as follow: solvent-liquid ratio of 1:28 (g/mL), particle size of 485 µm, and duration of 30 min, respectively. Remarkably, extraction using ultrasonic method had recovered more bioactive content and antioxidant activity than the Soxhlet method. The extract also exhibited good antimicrobial activities. Due to the above findings, the ultrasonic extraction was found to be suitable to improve recovery extraction of quercitrin and TPC from C. caudatus leaves. It also opens the possibility that the plant extract can be used for functional food and antimicrobial agents in various applications.