Effect of courtyard proportions on solar heat gain and energy requirement in the temperate climate of Rome

Muhaisen, Ahmed S.; Gadi, Mohamed B.

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.01.031

Cited by 103 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…The central courtyards are used in order to have access to fresh air and daylight in extreme climates (Sharples & Bensalem, 2001) (Alvarez, Sanchez, & Molina, 1998) (Shao, Walker, & Woolliscroft, 1993) (Sadafi, Salleh, Chin Haw, & Jaafar, 2011) (Hopkinson, Galbraith, Petherbridge, & Longmore, 1966) (Acosta, Navarro, & Sendra, 2014) (Acosta, Navarro, & Sendra, 2013) (Vaisman & Horvat, 2015) (Michael, Heracleous, Thravalou, & Philokyprou, 2017). The validity of central courtyards as a way to reduce energy consumption in interior spaces is approved by several studies (Safarzadeh & Bahadori, 2005) (Taleghani, Tenpierik, & van den Dobbelst, 2014) (Yasa & Ok, 2014) (Muhaisen & Gadi, 2006b) (Zakaria, Kubota, & Chyee Toeb, 2015) (Al-Masri & Abu-Hijleh, 2012) (Manioglu & Koçlar Orala, 2015) . In fact, the central courtyard is regarded as a climatic optimizer as it provides better environmental thermal conditions (Memarian & Brown, 2006) (Memarian, 1998) (Biabani Moghadam Babolia, Ibrahim, & Mohds Sharifc, 2015) (Soflaei, Shokouhian, & Mofidi Shemirani, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An efficient courtyard should allow the maximum amount of sunlight during winter while reducing it to its possible minimum amount in summer (Muhaisen, 2006). However, absorbing more solar radiation in winter is more important than blocking the same radiations during summer (Muhaisen & Gadi, 2006b). Berkovic et al (Berkovic, Yezioro, & Bitan, 2012) numerical study of different configuration of courtyards in hot and dry climate conclude that thermal comfort of central courtyards is highly dependent on solar radiation and shadowing has a vital role to improve thermal comfort in summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

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The growing interest in thermal comfort of outdoor environments yields in different analysis on courtyards as a common space between urban and architectural scales. However, there is a limited knowledge regarding the microclimatic behavior of such spaces. Using ENVI-met simulations, this paper aims to numerically discuss the thermal performance of different configurations of traditionally designed courtyards in Shiraz, Iran, which experiences hot summers and cold winters. The geometrical effects such as orientation and H/W (height to width ratio) of courtyards are considered as potential parameters to improve the microclimatic conditions. In this paper, PMV and UTCI are used as thermal comfort indices.The obtained results indicate mean radiant temperature and wind speed as the most effective parameters for thermal comfort of courtyards. In addition, the aforementioned geometrical parameters might not be able to solely create a desirable condition, but they could significantly improve the thermal comfort of courtyards during summer and winter. To achieve a desirable thermal comfort level, the results suggest using configurations of a high H/W rate and southward orientation in order to obtain better shading during summer as well as allowing the solar radiation in while regulating the wind speed in winter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, however, one can accommodate twice the number of families in the courtyard building as the setback building. The design therefore has substantial benefits of sustainability, as greater density lessens automotive dependence and creates efficiencies of access to services, before we even contemplate the direct energy benefits of courtyards (Aldawoud & Clark, 2008;Heidari, 2000;Muhaisen & Gadi, 2006).…”

Section: The Place and Function Of The Courtyardmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Courtyard Inside and Out: a Brief History of an Architectural Ambiguity

Nelson

2014

ENQ

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Observing several advantages of architecture that incorporates an internal courtyard, this paper traces the history of the motif through the evidence of building archetypes and lexical and literary records. Despite the literal centrality of courtyards to so many traditions of urban construction, the motif proves quite weak in contemporary architecture. The article gives several reasons for this decline in popularity and proposes that the very words used to describe courtyards are partly to blame for the poor traction of this adorable feature. In the process of describing the many historical responses to courtyards, the article conducts a phenomenology of this remarkable 'void' in the middle of a building that has so much social presence.

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“…Courtyard thermal performance is mainly affected by the solar radiation penetration of the internal envelope, which is dependent on the courtyard geometrical parameters and the sun's position [15,24,25]. Shading and exposure conditions on the internal envelope of the courtyard are affected by rectangular courtyard proportions [26].…”

Section: Shape Of the Courtyardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muhaisen and Gadi (2005) showed that shallow courtyards perform better than deeper ones [15]. Muhaisen and Gadi (2006a) found that deep courtyards require less energy for cooling in summer [24]. Muhaisen and Gadi (2006b) stressed that in polygon models deep courtyard forms of any shape are recommended to achieve maximum internal shaded areas in summer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Energy Performance with the Integrated Usage of a Courtyard and Atrium

Tabesh

Sertyeşilışık

2016

Buildings

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Offices and retail spaces are among the most energy-intensive building typologies. Designing office buildings without proper consideration of their form, orientation, envelope, and other variables can lead to a considerable increase in energy usage. This research investigates how integrated usage of an atrium and courtyard can improve a building's energy performance. Thermal performance of both atrium and courtyard spaces as well as their energy-efficient integrated usage in office buildings have been investigated within the scope of this research. DesignBuilder as an interface and EnergyPlus (based on ASHRAE, the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers) as analytical software have been used to investigate the thermal behavior of an atrium and courtyard in two stages. From the results it appeared that a courtyard with 40% window-to-wall ratio and triple glazing has the best energy performance, while those with single glazing and an 80% window-to-wall ratio represent maximum energy consumption in all climates. The findings also revealed that the integrated usage of a courtyard and atrium can save energy if it is used as a courtyard type of building during summer in all climates and if it is used as an atrium in the cold months. This research is original and will contribute to the literature, as it investigates the integrated usage of an atrium and courtyard with respect to energy efficiency. This research is expected to be beneficial to professionals and academics, especially with respect to the energy-efficient use of courtyards, atria, and their integrated modes. Furthermore, the findings can contribute to the sustainability performance of the built environment through an integrated atrium-courtyard building, resulting in minimal energy consumption.

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Effect of courtyard proportions on solar heat gain and energy requirement in the temperate climate of Rome

Cited by 103 publications

References 0 publications

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

The Courtyard Inside and Out: a Brief History of an Architectural Ambiguity

An Investigation into Energy Performance with the Integrated Usage of a Courtyard and Atrium

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